| PULID | Characterization Method(s) | Substrate | Organism | Publication | Publish Date | Type | Num Genes | Num CAZymes | CazyFamily |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PUL0001 | RNA-seq, substrate binding assay, enzyme activity assay, mass spectrometry | beta-mannan | Roseburia intestinalis | 30796211 The human gut Firmicute Roseburia intestinalis is a primary degrader of dietary beta-mannans. Nat Commun. 2019 Feb 22;10(1):905. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08812-y. |
2019 Feb 22 | degradation | 15 | 9 | CE17, CBM35inCE17, CE2, GH1, GH113, GH130_1, GH130_2, GH36 |
| PUL0002 | enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | beta-glucan | Bacillus subtilis | 8606172 LicT, a Bacillus subtilis transcriptional antiterminator protein of the BglG family. J Bacteriol. 1996 Apr;178(7):1971-9. doi: 10.1128/jb.178.7.1971-1979.1996. |
1996 Apr | degradation | 2 | 1 | GH16_21 |
| PUL0004 | enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay | beta-glucan | uncultured bacterium | 26827771 A novel metagenome-derived gene cluster from termite hindgut: Encoding phosphotransferase system components and high glucose tolerant glucosidase. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2016 Mar;84:24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.12.005. Epub 2015 Dec 15. |
2016 Mar | degradation | 2 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0005 | enzyme activity assay, crystallization | beta-glucan | Listeria innocua | 26886583 Functional and Structural Analysis of a beta-Glucosidase Involved in beta-1,2-Glucan Metabolism in Listeria innocua. PLoS One. 2016 Feb 17;11(2):e0148870. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148870. eCollection 2016. |
2016 | degradation | 2 | 2 | GH3, GH94 |
| PUL0006 | enzyme activity assay | galactan | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 24637762 Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of Gan1D, a GH1 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun. 2014 Feb;70(Pt 2):225-31. doi: 10.1107/S2053230X13034778. Epub 2014 Jan 21. |
2014 Feb | degradation | 10 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0008 | enzyme activity assay, qPCR, thin-layer chromatography, substrate binding assay | fructan | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 28103254, 25841008 A Highly Active Endo-Levanase BT1760 of a Dominant Mammalian Gut Commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Cleaves Not Only Various Bacterial Levans, but Also Levan of Timothy Grass. Differential Metabolism of Exopolysaccharides from Probiotic Lactobacilli by the Human Gut Symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 19;12(1):e0169989. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169989. eCollection 2017. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Jun 15;81(12):3973-83. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00149-15. Epub 2015 Apr 3. |
2017,2015 Jun 15 | degradation | 12 | 3 | GH32 |
| PUL0009 | enzyme activity assay, immunoblotting, ATPase assay | glycosaminoglycan | Streptobacillus moniliformis | 28432302 A bacterial ABC transporter enables import of mammalian host glycosaminoglycans. Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 21;7(1):1069. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00917-y. |
2017 Apr 21 | degradation | 15 | 4 | GH88, PL12_1, PL8 |
| PUL0010 | enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry | xylan | Geobacillus thermodenitrificans | 28616644 Synergistic hydrolysis of xylan using novel xylanases, beta-xylosidases, and an alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Aug;101(15):6023-6037. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8341-2. Epub 2017 Jun 14. |
2017 Aug | degradation | 42 | 8 | CE4, GH10, GH39, GH43_11, CBM91, GH51_1, GH52, GH67 |
| PUL0012 | enzyme activity assay | chitin | Vibrio cholerae | 28683122 The nucleoid occlusion protein SlmA is a direct transcriptional activator of chitobiose utilization in Vibrio cholerae. PLoS Genet. 2017 Jul 6;13(7):e1006877. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006877. eCollection 2017 Jul. |
2017 Jul | degradation | 11 | 3 | GH20, GH9, GH94 |
| PUL0018 | rapid plate method growth assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | glycosaminoglycan | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 22311922 Streptococcus pneumoniae can utilize multiple sources of hyaluronic acid for growth. Infect Immun. 2012 Apr;80(4):1390-8. doi: 10.1128/IAI.05756-11. Epub 2012 Feb 6. |
2012 Apr | degradation | 13 | 3 | CBM70, PL8_1, GH88, PL12_1 |
| PUL0019 | enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | beta-glucan | Bacillus subtilis | 8990303 Identification and characterization of a new beta-glucoside utilization system in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1997 Jan;179(2):496-506. doi: 10.1128/jb.179.2.496-506.1997. |
1997 Jan | degradation | 6 | 1 | GH4 |
| PUL0022 | RT-PCR, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay | cellobiose | Bacillus coagulans | 30519284 Simultaneous consumption of cellobiose and xylose by Bacillus coagulans to circumvent glucose repression and identification of its cellobiose-assimilating operons. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2018 Dec 1;11:320. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1323-5. eCollection 2018. |
2018 | degradation | 6 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0023 | RT-PCR, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay | cellobiose | Bacillus coagulans | 30519284 Simultaneous consumption of cellobiose and xylose by Bacillus coagulans to circumvent glucose repression and identification of its cellobiose-assimilating operons. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2018 Dec 1;11:320. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1323-5. eCollection 2018. |
2018 | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0024 | enzyme activity assay, qPCR, carbohydrate binding assay | fructan | uncultured bacterium | 31915220 Harvesting of Prebiotic Fructooligosaccharides by Nonbeneficial Human Gut Bacteria. mSphere. 2020 Jan 8;5(1):e00771-19. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00771-19. |
2020 Jan 8 | degradation | 12 | 1 | GH32 |
| PUL0026 | qPCR, Western Blot, RNA-seq, enzyme activity assay | ribose | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 31901520 A Ribose-Scavenging System Confers Colonization Fitness on the Human Gut Symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in a Diet-Specific Manner. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Jan 8;27(1):79-92.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.11.009. Epub 2019 Dec 31. |
2020 Jan 8 | degradation | 8 | 1 | GH35 |
| PUL0028 | microarray, qPCR, enzyme activity assay | mucin | [Ruminococcus] gnavus | 24204617 Utilisation of mucin glycans by the human gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus is strain-dependent. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 25;8(10):e76341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076341. eCollection 2013. |
2013 | degradation | 14 | 4 | CBM40, GH33, GH1, GH140, GH177 |
| PUL0029 | enzyme activity assay | arabinogalactan | Bifidobacterium longum | 30564851, 30635377 Degradative enzymes for type II arabinogalactan side chains in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum. Two Novel alpha-l-Arabinofuranosidases from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum Belonging to Glycoside Hydrolase Family 43 Cooperatively Degrade Arabinan. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Feb;103(3):1299-1310. doi: 10.1007/s00253-018-9566-4. Epub 2018 Dec 18. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2019 Mar 6;85(6):e02582-18. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02582-18. Print 2019 Mar 15. |
2019 Feb,2019 Mar 15 | degradation | 24 | 8 | GH146, GH30_5, GH43_22, GH43_22, GH43_26, GH43_22, GH43_34, GH43_24, GH43_27 |
| PUL0030 | isothermal calorimetric titration, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay | galactomannan | Bacillus sp. N16-5 | 26978267, 30351049, 29360976 A Novel Manno-Oligosaccharide Binding Protein Identified in Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 Is Involved in Mannan Utilization. Galactomannan Degrading Enzymes from the Mannan Utilization Gene Cluster of Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 and Their Synergy on Galactomannan Degradation. Transcriptional regulation of the mannan utilization genes in the alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 15;11(3):e0150059. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150059. eCollection 2016. J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Oct 24;66(42):11055-11063. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03878. Epub 2018 Oct 15. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2018 Feb 1;365(4). doi: 10.1093/femsle/fnx280. |
2016,2018 Oct 24,2018 Feb 1 | degradation | 12 | 6 | CE7, GH130_1, GH130_2, GH27 |
| PUL0034 | enzyme activity assay | pectin | Dickeya chrysanthemi | 12730169 PaeX, a second pectin acetylesterase of Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937. J Bacteriol. 2003 May;185(10):3091-100. doi: 10.1128/JB.185.10.3091-3100.2003. |
2003 May | degradation | 2 | 0 | NA |
| PUL0035 | enzyme activity assay, Assay of oligogalacturonide uptake in E. coli | pectin | Dickeya chrysanthemi | 11555291 Identification of TogMNAB, an ABC transporter which mediates the uptake of pectic oligomers in Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937. Mol Microbiol. 2001 Sep;41(5):1113-23. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02564.x. |
2001 Sep | degradation | 5 | 1 | PL2_2 |
| PUL0037 | enzyme activity assay | raffinose | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 31591266 Molecular analysis of an enigmatic Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factor: The raffinose-family oligosaccharide utilization system. J Biol Chem. 2019 Nov 15;294(46):17197-17208. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010280. Epub 2019 Oct 7. |
2019 Nov 15 | degradation | 8 | 2 | GH13_18, GH36 |
| PUL0038 | enzyme activity assay, Southern Blot | melibiose | Thermus brockianus | 10741834 The structure of the alpha-galactosidase gene loci in Thermus brockianus ITI360 and Thermus thermophilus TH125. Extremophiles. 2000 Feb;4(1):23-33. doi: 10.1007/s007920050004. |
2000 Feb | degradation | 8 | 2 | GH36, GH42 |
| PUL0039 | enzyme activity assay, Southern Blot | melibiose | Thermus thermophilus | 10741834 The structure of the alpha-galactosidase gene loci in Thermus brockianus ITI360 and Thermus thermophilus TH125. Extremophiles. 2000 Feb;4(1):23-33. doi: 10.1007/s007920050004. |
2000 Feb | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH36 |
| PUL0040 | Northern Blot, enzyme activity assay | cellulose | Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum | 12896991, 1398087, 11844767 A rhamnogalacturonan lyase in the Clostridium cellulolyticum cellulosome. Sequence analysis of a gene cluster encoding cellulases from Clostridium cellulolyticum. Cel9M, a new family 9 cellulase of the Clostridium cellulolyticum cellulosome. J Bacteriol. 2003 Aug;185(16):4727-33. doi: 10.1128/JB.185.16.4727-4733.2003. Gene. 1992 Sep 21;119(1):17-28. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(92)90062-t. J Bacteriol. 2002 Mar;184(5):1378-84. doi: 10.1128/JB.184.5.1378-1384.2002. |
2003 Aug,1992 Sep 21,2002 Mar | degradation | 6 | 6 | GH5_1, GH5_17, GH9, GH9, CBM3, PL11 |
| PUL0041 | Southern Blot, enzyme activity assay | cellobiose | Klebsiella oxytoca | 9023916 Cloning of cellobiose phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase genes: functional expression in recombinant Escherichia coli and identification of a putative binding region for disaccharides. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 Feb;63(2):355-63. doi: 10.1128/aem.63.2.355-363.1997. |
1997 Feb | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0044 | qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | arabinoxylan | Bacteroides ovatus | 26112186, 32266006 Glycan complexity dictates microbial resource allocation in the large intestine. Multimodular fused acetyl-feruloyl esterases from soil and gut Bacteroidetes improve xylanase depolymerization of recalcitrant biomass. Nat Commun. 2015 Jun 26;6:7481. doi: 10.1038/ncomms8481. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2020 Mar 31;13:60. doi: 10.1186/s13068-020-01698-9. eCollection 2020. |
2015 Jun 26,2020 | degradation | 34 | 17 | CE20, CE20, CE6, CE1, GH10, GH115, GH3, GH30, GH30_8, GH31_4, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH43_29, CBM6, GH95, GH97, GH98, CBM35 |
| PUL0058 | enzyme activity assay | glycogen | Bacillus subtilis | 8145641 Glycogen in Bacillus subtilis: molecular characterization of an operon encoding enzymes involved in glycogen biosynthesis and degradation. Mol Microbiol. 1994 Jan;11(1):203-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00301.x. |
1994 Jan | biosynthesis | 5 | 3 | CBM48, GH13_9, GT35, GT5 |
| PUL0068 | enzyme activity assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay | raffinose | Escherichia coli | 8277949 Role of two operators in regulating the plasmid-borne raf operon of Escherichia coli. Mol Gen Genet. 1994 Jan;242(1):90-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00277352. |
1994 Jan | degradation | 4 | 2 | GH32, GH36 |
| PUL0078 | enzyme activity assay | xylan | Caldicellulosiruptor sp. Rt8B.4 | 8920183 Cloning, sequencing and overexpression in Escherichia coli of a xylanase gene, xynA from the thermophilic bacterium Rt8B.4 genus Caldicellulosiruptor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1996 Mar;45(1-2):86-93. doi: 10.1007/s002530050653. |
1996 Mar | degradation | 6 | 1 | CBM22, CBM22, GH10 |
| PUL0082 | electrophoretic mobility shift assay, enzyme activity assay | melibiose | Bacillus subtilis | 31138628 The melREDCA Operon Encodes a Utilization System for the Raffinose Family of Oligosaccharides in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 2019 Jul 10;201(15):e00109-19. doi: 10.1128/JB.00109-19. Print 2019 Aug 1. |
2019 Aug 1 | degradation | 6 | 2 | CE19, GH4 |
| PUL0083 | label-free quantitative proteomics, functional enrichment analysis, enzyme activity assay | cellulose | Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens | 31338125 Secretomic analyses of Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens reveal its enzymatic basis for lignocellulose degradation. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jul 15;12:183. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1522-8. eCollection 2019. |
2019 | degradation | 12 | 11 | CBM3, cohesin, cohesin, cohesin, cohesin, cohesin, cohesin, CBM4, GH9, GH48, GH5_1, GH5_17, GH5_7, GH8, GH9, GH9, CBM3 |
| PUL0084 | label-free quantitative proteomics, functional enrichment analysis, enzyme activity assay | cellulose | Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens | 31338125 Secretomic analyses of Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens reveal its enzymatic basis for lignocellulose degradation. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jul 15;12:183. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1522-8. eCollection 2019. |
2019 | degradation | 12 | 12 | CE1, CBM6, GH10, CBM6, GH27, CBM6, GH30_8, CBM6, GH43_10, CBM91, CBM6, GH43_29, CBM6, GH59, CBM6, GH62, CBM6, GH62, CBM6, CE6, GH95, CBM32 |
| PUL0085 | label-free quantitative proteomics, functional enrichment analysis, enzyme activity assay | beta-glucan | Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens | 31338125 Secretomic analyses of Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens reveal its enzymatic basis for lignocellulose degradation. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jul 15;12:183. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1522-8. eCollection 2019. |
2019 | degradation | 3 | 3 | CBM35, GH26, GH9 |
| PUL0086 | label-free quantitative proteomics, functional enrichment analysis, enzyme activity assay | pectin | Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens | 31338125 Secretomic analyses of Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens reveal its enzymatic basis for lignocellulose degradation. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jul 15;12:183. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1522-8. eCollection 2019. |
2019 | degradation | 3 | 3 | CE8, PL10_1, PL11 |
| PUL0087 | label-free quantitative proteomics, functional enrichment analysis, enzyme activity assay | cellulose | Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens | 31338125 Secretomic analyses of Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens reveal its enzymatic basis for lignocellulose degradation. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jul 15;12:183. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1522-8. eCollection 2019. |
2019 | degradation | 2 | 2 | GH9, CBM3, CBM3 |
| PUL0089 | label-free quantitative proteomics, functional enrichment analysis, enzyme activity assay | cellulose | Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens | 31338125 Secretomic analyses of Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens reveal its enzymatic basis for lignocellulose degradation. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jul 15;12:183. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1522-8. eCollection 2019. |
2019 | degradation | 2 | 1 | GH5_4 |
| PUL0099 | RNA-seq, substrate binding assay, enzyme activity assay, mass spectrometry | beta-mannan | Roseburia intestinalis | 30796211 The human gut Firmicute Roseburia intestinalis is a primary degrader of dietary beta-mannans. Nat Commun. 2019 Feb 22;10(1):905. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08812-y. |
2019 Feb 22 | degradation | 3 | 3 | CBM27, GH26, CBM23, GH3 |
| PUL0111 | enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot, transport assay | melibiose | Escherichia coli | 9642246 Conversion of temperature-sensitive to -resistant gene expression due to mutations in the promoter region of the melibiose operon in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jul 3;273(27):16860-4. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.27.16860. |
1998 Jul 3 | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH4 |
| PUL0114 | recombinant protein expression, enzyme activity assay | arabinan | Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum | 31198441 The xyl-doc gene cluster of Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum encodes GH43- and GH62-alpha-l-arabinofuranosidases with complementary modes of action. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jun 10;12:144. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1483-y. eCollection 2019. |
2019 | degradation | 14 | 14 | CE1, CBM6, GH10, CBM6, GH146, CBM22, GH27, CBM6, GH2, CBM6, GH30_8, CBM6, GH43_10, CBM91, CBM6, GH43_16, CBM6, GH43_29, CBM6, GH59, CBM6, GH62, CBM6, GH62, CBM6, CE6, GH95, CBM32, CBM6 |
| PUL0117 | expression of recombinant proteins, RNA-seq, differential gene expression, enzyme specificity assay, enzyme activity assay | host glycan | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 31160824, 23943617 Complex N-glycan breakdown by gut Bacteroides involves an extensive enzymatic apparatus encoded by multiple co-regulated genetic loci. Discovery of beta-1,4-D-mannosyl-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine phosphorylase involved in the metabolism of N-glycans. Nat Microbiol. 2019 Sep;4(9):1571-1581. doi: 10.1038/s41564-019-0466-x. Epub 2019 Jun 3. J Biol Chem. 2013 Sep 20;288(38):27366-27374. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.469080. Epub 2013 Aug 13. |
2019 Sep,2013 Sep 20 | degradation | 22 | 7 | GH130_2, GH163, GH18, GH20, GH92 |
| PUL0122 | enzyme activity assay | alpha-galactan | Thermotoga maritima | 9741105 Properties of an alpha-galactosidase, and structure of its gene galA, within an alpha-and beta-galactoside utilization gene cluster of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima. Syst Appl Microbiol. 1998 Mar;21(1):1-11. doi: 10.1016/s0723-2020(98)80002-7. |
1998 Mar | degradation | 6 | 3 | GH2, GH36, GH42 |
| PUL0129 | enzyme activity assay | beta-mannan | gut metagenome | 30356154 Interspecies cross-feeding orchestrates carbon degradation in the rumen ecosystem. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Nov;3(11):1274-1284. doi: 10.1038/s41564-018-0225-4. Epub 2018 Oct 24. |
2018 Nov | degradation | 12 | 6 | CE7, GH130_1, GH26, GH5_4 |
| PUL0132 | enzyme activity assay, microarray | beta-glucan | Zobellia galactanivorans | 30341165, 28983288 The laterally acquired GH5 ZgEngA(GH5_4) from the marine bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans is dedicated to hemicellulose hydrolysis. Gene Expression Analysis of Zobellia galactanivorans during the Degradation of Algal Polysaccharides Reveals both Substrate-Specific and Shared Transcriptome-Wide Responses. Biochem J. 2018 Nov 28;475(22):3609-3628. doi: 10.1042/BCJ20180486. Front Microbiol. 2017 Sep 21;8:1808. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01808. eCollection 2017. |
2018 Nov 28,2017 | degradation | 8 | 2 | CBM4, GH5_4 |
| PUL0135 | enzyme activity assay, carbohydrate binding assay | pectin | Pseudoalteromonas sp. | 30341080 Biochemical Reconstruction of a Metabolic Pathway from a Marine Bacterium Reveals Its Mechanism of Pectin Depolymerization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018 Dec 13;85(1):e02114-18. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02114-18. Print 2019 Jan 1. |
2019 Jan 1 | degradation | 21 | 7 | CE12, CE8, GH105, GH28, GH43_10, CBM91, PL1_2 |
| PUL0144 | enzyme activity assay, Western Blot | chitin | Thermococcus kodakarensis | 16199574 Characterization of a novel glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase from a hyperthermophilic archaeon. J Bacteriol. 2005 Oct;187(20):7038-44. doi: 10.1128/JB.187.20.7038-7044.2005. |
2005 Oct | degradation | 12 | 4 | CE14, GH1, GH18, GH35 |
| PUL0155 | enzyme activity assay | alginate | Agrobacterium fabrum | 16545947 A biosystem for alginate metabolism in Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58: molecular identification of Atu3025 as an exotype family PL-15 alginate lyase. Res Microbiol. 2006 Sep;157(7):642-9. doi: 10.1016/j.resmic.2006.02.006. Epub 2006 Mar 2. |
2006 Sep | degradation | 8 | 1 | PL15_1 |
| PUL0166 | enzyme activity assay, RT-PCR | starch | Bacteroides fragilis | 16788175 Characterization of the primary starch utilization operon in the obligate anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis: Regulation by carbon source and oxygen. J Bacteriol. 2006 Jul;188(13):4663-72. doi: 10.1128/JB.00125-06. |
2006 Jul | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH13_10 |
| PUL0169 | enzyme activity assay, qRT-PCR | arabinan | Xanthomonas euvesicatoria | 30092047 Functional characterization of unique enzymes in Xanthomonas euvesicatoria related to degradation of arabinofurano-oligosaccharides on hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins. PLoS One. 2018 Aug 9;13(8):e0201982. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201982. eCollection 2018. |
2018 | degradation | 9 | 3 | GH121, GH146, GH43_29 |
| PUL0174 | RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay, enzymatic product analysis | starch | Kribbella flavida | 27302067 Two Novel Glycoside Hydrolases Responsible for the Catabolism of Cyclobis-(1-->6)-alpha-nigerosyl. J Biol Chem. 2016 Aug 5;291(32):16438-47. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.727305. Epub 2016 Jun 14. |
2016 Aug 5 | degradation | 3 | 2 | GH31_12, CBM20, GH31_7, CBM35 |
| PUL0175 | enzyme activity assay | galactomannan | Cellvibrio mixtus | 16842369 Galactomannan hydrolysis and mannose metabolism in Cellvibrio mixtus. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2006 Aug;261(1):123-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00342.x. |
2006 Aug | degradation | 4 | 3 | GH130_1, GH27, GH5_7 |
| PUL0176 | RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay, enzymatic product analysis | starch | Kribbella flavida | 27302067 Two Novel Glycoside Hydrolases Responsible for the Catabolism of Cyclobis-(1-->6)-alpha-nigerosyl. J Biol Chem. 2016 Aug 5;291(32):16438-47. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.727305. Epub 2016 Jun 14. |
2016 Aug 5 | degradation | 6 | 2 | GH15, GH31_7 |
| PUL0178 | enzyme activity assay, enzyme specificity assay, substrate specificity assay | galactomannan | Bacteroides ovatus | 27288925, 22205877 A beta-mannan utilization locus in Bacteroides ovatus involves a GH36 alpha-galactosidase active on galactomannans. Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. FEBS Lett. 2016 Jul;590(14):2106-18. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12250. Epub 2016 Jun 28. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20. |
2016 Jul,2011 Dec | degradation | 14 | 4 | GH130_1, GH26, GH36 |
| PUL0179 | enzyme activity assay, enzyme specificity assay, substrate specificity assay | galactomannan | Bacteroides ovatus | 27288925 A beta-mannan utilization locus in Bacteroides ovatus involves a GH36 alpha-galactosidase active on galactomannans. FEBS Lett. 2016 Jul;590(14):2106-18. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12250. Epub 2016 Jun 28. |
2016 Jul | degradation | 15 | 4 | CE7, GH130_1, GH26 |
| PUL0180 | enzyme activity assay | galactomannan | Bacteroides fragilis | 27288925, 21539815 A beta-mannan utilization locus in Bacteroides ovatus involves a GH36 alpha-galactosidase active on galactomannans. New microbial mannan catabolic pathway that involves a novel mannosylglucose phosphorylase. FEBS Lett. 2016 Jul;590(14):2106-18. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12250. Epub 2016 Jun 28. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 May 20;408(4):701-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.095. Epub 2011 Apr 24. |
2016 Jul,2011 May 20 | degradation | 19 | 3 | GH29, GH36 |
| PUL0187 | qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | beta-glucan | Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 | 26746717 A 1,3-1,4-beta-Glucan Utilization Regulon in Paenibacillus sp. Strain JDR-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2016 Jan 8;82(6):1789-1798. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03526-15. |
2016 Jan 8 | degradation | 7 | 2 | GH16_21, SLH, CBM54, GH16_3, CBM4, CBM4, CBM6, CBM4, CBM4 |
| PUL0194 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | host glycan | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 28056108 Molecular Characterization of N-glycan Degradation and Transport in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Its Contribution to Virulence. PLoS Pathog. 2017 Jan 5;13(1):e1006090. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006090. eCollection 2017 Jan. |
2017 Jan | degradation | 6 | 5 | GH125, GH20, GH29, GH38, GH92 |
| PUL0196 | enzyme activity assay | human milk oligosaccharide | Lactobacillus casei | 26546429 The Extracellular Wall-Bound beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase from Lactobacillus casei Is Involved in the Metabolism of the Human Milk Oligosaccharide Lacto-N-Triose. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Nov 6;82(2):570-7. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02888-15. Print 2016 Jan 15. |
2016 Jan 15 | degradation | 10 | 3 | CE9, GH20, GH35 |
| PUL0199 | enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry | alginate | Saccharophagus degradans | 26458373 Putative Alginate Assimilation Process of the Marine Bacterium Saccharophagus degradans 2-40 Based on Quantitative Proteomic Analysis. Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2016 Feb;18(1):15-23. doi: 10.1007/s10126-015-9667-3. Epub 2015 Oct 12. |
2016 Feb | degradation | 17 | 6 | CBM16, CBM32, PL18, PL17_2, PL17, PL6, PL6, PL6_1, PL7_5 |
| PUL0207 | enzyme activity assay, RT-PCR | host glycan | Streptococcus agalactiae NEM316 | 25605731, 19416976 Metabolic fate of unsaturated glucuronic/iduronic acids from glycosaminoglycans: molecular identification and structure determination of streptococcal isomerase and dehydrogenase. Substrate specificity of streptococcal unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolases for sulfated glycosaminoglycan. J Biol Chem. 2015 Mar 6;290(10):6281-92. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.604546. Epub 2015 Jan 20. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jul 3;284(27):18059-69. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.005660. Epub 2009 May 5. |
2015 Mar 6,2009 Jul 3 | degradation | 7 | 2 | GH88, PL12_1 |
| PUL0208 | growth assay, clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | chitin | Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea | 31213521, 10220172 Marine Chitinolytic Pseudoalteromonas Represents an Untapped Reservoir of Bioactive Potential. Multiple genes involved in chitin degradation from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain S91. mSystems. 2019 Jun 18;4(4):e00060-19. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00060-19. Microbiology (Reading). 1999 Apr;145 ( Pt 4):925-934. doi: 10.1099/13500872-145-4-925. |
2019 Jun 18,1999 Apr | degradation | 3 | 3 | AA10, CBM5, CBM5, GH18, GH18, CBM5, CBM5 |
| PUL0209 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | galactan | Dickeya dadantii | 17644603 Characterization of the Erwinia chrysanthemi Gan locus, involved in galactan catabolism. J Bacteriol. 2007 Oct;189(19):7053-61. doi: 10.1128/JB.00845-07. Epub 2007 Jul 20. |
2007 Oct | degradation | 9 | 2 | GH42, GH53 |
| PUL0210 | enzyme activity assay | host glycan | Clostridium perfringens | 25605731 Metabolic fate of unsaturated glucuronic/iduronic acids from glycosaminoglycans: molecular identification and structure determination of streptococcal isomerase and dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem. 2015 Mar 6;290(10):6281-92. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.604546. Epub 2015 Jan 20. |
2015 Mar 6 | degradation | 13 | 3 | GH88, PL12_1, PL8 |
| PUL0211 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, thin-layer chromatography | host glycan | Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris | 25586188, 25205095 The N-Glycan cluster from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris: a toolbox for sequential plant N-glycan processing. The plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris exploits N-acetylglucosamine during infection. J Biol Chem. 2015 Mar 6;290(10):6022-36. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.624593. Epub 2015 Jan 13. mBio. 2014 Sep 9;5(5):e01527-14. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01527-14. |
2015 Mar 6,2014 Sep 9 | degradation | 9 | 8 | GH125, GH18, GH2, GH20, GH29, GH3, GH35, GH92 |
| PUL0215 | qPCR, enzyme activity assay | xyloglucan | Cellvibrio japonicus | 25171165 A complex gene locus enables xyloglucan utilization in the model saprophyte Cellvibrio japonicus. Mol Microbiol. 2014 Oct;94(2):418-33. doi: 10.1111/mmi.12776. Epub 2014 Sep 17. |
2014 Oct | degradation | 4 | 3 | GH31_4, GH35, GH95 |
| PUL0216 | Western Blot, enzyme activity assay, RT-PCR, microarray | alginate | Sphingomonas sp. | 24816607 Alginate-dependent gene expression mechanism in Sphingomonas sp. strain A1. J Bacteriol. 2014 Jul;196(14):2691-700. doi: 10.1128/JB.01666-14. Epub 2014 May 9. |
2014 Jul | degradation | 10 | 3 | AA2, PL15_1, PL5, PL7 |
| PUL0218 | enzyme activity assay | arabinan | termite gut metagenome | 25304507 Investigating the function of an arabinan utilization locus isolated from a termite gut community. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Jan;81(1):31-9. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02257-14. Epub 2014 Oct 10. |
2015 Jan | degradation | 24 | 5 | GH146, GH97, GH43_4, GH51_1, GH51_2, GH43_29 |
| PUL0219 | sugar utilization assay, enzyme activity assay | fructan | Lactobacillus paracasei | 17644636 Functional analysis of the fructooligosaccharide utilization operon in Lactobacillus paracasei 1195. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Sep;73(18):5716-24. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00805-07. Epub 2007 Jul 20. |
2007 Sep | degradation | 7 | 1 | GH32 |
| PUL0227 | enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay | xylan | Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus | 22918832 Biochemical and structural insights into xylan utilization by the thermophilic bacterium Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus. J Biol Chem. 2012 Oct 12;287(42):34946-34960. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.391532. Epub 2012 Aug 22. |
2012 Oct 12 | degradation | 10 | 3 | CE4, GH3, GH67 |
| PUL0230 | RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay, clone, enzyme kinetic analysis, thin-layer chromatography, crystallization | starch | Lactobacillus acidophilus | 22685275, 32444471 Enzymology and structure of the GH13_31 glucan 1,6-alpha-glucosidase that confers isomaltooligosaccharide utilization in the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. An 1,4-alpha-Glucosyltransferase Defines a New Maltodextrin Catabolism Scheme in Lactobacillus acidophilus. J Bacteriol. 2012 Aug;194(16):4249-59. doi: 10.1128/JB.00622-12. Epub 2012 Jun 8. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2020 Jul 20;86(15):e00661-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00661-20. Print 2020 Jul 20. |
2012 Aug,2020 Jul 20 | degradation | 12 | 3 | CBM34, GH13_20, GH13_31, GH65 |
| PUL0231 | enzyme activity assay, cosmid library screening | beta-glucoside | Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum | 22502871 Cloning and biochemical analysis of beta-glucoside utilization (bgl) operon without phosphotransferase system in Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum LY34. Microbiol Res. 2012 Sep 6;167(8):461-9. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2012.03.004. Epub 2012 Apr 12. |
2012 Sep 6 | degradation | 2 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0245 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, Western Blot | fucose | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 24333485 Structural and functional analysis of fucose-processing enzymes from Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Mol Biol. 2014 Apr 3;426(7):1469-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.12.006. Epub 2013 Dec 12. |
2014 Apr 3 | degradation | 11 | 2 | GH95, GH98, CBM47, CBM47, CBM47 |
| PUL0246 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, Western Blot | fucose | Streptococcus pneumoniae | 24333485 Structural and functional analysis of fucose-processing enzymes from Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Mol Biol. 2014 Apr 3;426(7):1469-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.12.006. Epub 2013 Dec 12. |
2014 Apr 3 | degradation | 11 | 4 | CBM51, CBM51, GH98, GH29, GH36 |
| PUL0265 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | starch | Staphylococcus xylosus | 7730272 Characterization of a genetic locus essential for maltose-maltotriose utilization in Staphylococcus xylosus. J Bacteriol. 1995 May;177(9):2408-15. doi: 10.1128/jb.177.9.2408-2415.1995. |
1995 May | degradation | 2 | 1 | GH13_31 |
| PUL0266 | enzyme activity assay | human milk oligosaccharide | Halorubrum lacusprofundi | 23320757 Cloning, overexpression, purification, and characterization of a polyextremophilic beta-galactosidase from the Antarctic haloarchaeon Halorubrum lacusprofundi. BMC Biotechnol. 2013 Jan 16;13:3. doi: 10.1186/1472-6750-13-3. |
2013 Jan 16 | degradation | 15 | 2 | GH36, GH42 |
| PUL0282 | enzyme activity assay | galactan | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 23216604 Functional characterization of the galactan utilization system of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. FEBS J. 2013 Feb;280(3):950-64. doi: 10.1111/febs.12089. Epub 2013 Jan 7. |
2013 Feb | degradation | 7 | 2 | CBM61, GH53, CBM61, GH42 |
| PUL0289 | enzyme activity assay | xylan | Flavobacterium johnsoniae | 29588659 A novel acetyl xylan esterase enabling complete deacetylation of substituted xylans. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2018 Mar 22;11:74. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1074-3. eCollection 2018. |
2018 | degradation | 12 | 7 | CE6, CE1, GH115, GH146, GH3, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH97 |
| PUL0292 | enzyme activity assay | chitin | Collimonas fungivorans | 18671744 Identification and characterization of genes underlying chitinolysis in Collimonas fungivorans Ter331. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2008 Oct;66(1):123-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00547.x. Epub 2008 Jul 30. |
2008 Oct | degradation | 11 | 2 | GH16, GH3 |
| PUL0302 | RT-qPCR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography | arabinan | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 29255254, 22686399, 21339299 Dietary pectic glycans are degraded by coordinated enzyme pathways in human colonic Bacteroides. Prioritization of a plant polysaccharide over a mucus carbohydrate is enforced by a Bacteroides hybrid two-component system. The structure and function of an arabinan-specific alpha-1,2-arabinofuranosidase identified from screening the activities of bacterial GH43 glycoside hydrolases. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Feb;3(2):210-219. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0079-1. Epub 2017 Dec 18. Mol Microbiol. 2012 Aug;85(3):478-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08123.x. Epub 2012 Jul 5. J Biol Chem. 2011 Apr 29;286(17):15483-95. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.215962. Epub 2011 Feb 21. |
2018 Feb,2012 Aug,2011 Apr 29 | degradation | 22 | 6 | GH146, GH43_29, GH43_4, GH51_1, GH51_2 |
| PUL0303 | enzyme activity assay | chitin | Collimonas fungivorans | 18671744 Identification and characterization of genes underlying chitinolysis in Collimonas fungivorans Ter331. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2008 Oct;66(1):123-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00547.x. Epub 2008 Jul 30. |
2008 Oct | degradation | 7 | 1 | CE9 |
| PUL0304 | RT-qPCR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | galactan | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 29255254 Dietary pectic glycans are degraded by coordinated enzyme pathways in human colonic Bacteroides. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Feb;3(2):210-219. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0079-1. Epub 2017 Dec 18. |
2018 Feb | degradation | 7 | 2 | GH2, GH53 |
| PUL0305 | RT-qPCR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | pectin | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 29255254 Dietary pectic glycans are degraded by coordinated enzyme pathways in human colonic Bacteroides. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Feb;3(2):210-219. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0079-1. Epub 2017 Dec 18. |
2018 Feb | degradation | 17 | 7 | CE12, CE8, CE8, GH105, GH28, PL1_2 |
| PUL0306 | RT-qPCR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | pectin | Bacteroides ovatus | 29255254 Dietary pectic glycans are degraded by coordinated enzyme pathways in human colonic Bacteroides. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Feb;3(2):210-219. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0079-1. Epub 2017 Dec 18. |
2018 Feb | degradation | 7 | 3 | GH147, GH2, GH53 |
| PUL0307 | enzyme activity assay | chitin | Serratia marcescens subsp. marcescens | 29229757, 8757722 Structure and activity of ChiX: a peptidoglycan hydrolase required for chitinase secretion by Serratia marcescens. Comparative studies of chitinases A and B from Serratia marcescens. Biochem J. 2018 Jan 23;475(2):415-428. doi: 10.1042/BCJ20170633. Microbiology (Reading). 1996 Jul;142 ( Pt 7):1581-9. doi: 10.1099/13500872-142-7-1581. |
2018 Jan 23,1996 Jul | degradation | 6 | 2 | AA10, GH18 |
| PUL0309 | enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) | arabinan | Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus | 28710263 Enzymatic Mechanism for Arabinan Degradation and Transport in the Thermophilic Bacterium Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017 Aug 31;83(18):e00794-17. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00794-17. Print 2017 Sep 15. |
2017 Sep 15 | degradation | 12 | 6 | GH127, GH146, GH27, GH43_4, GH51_1 |
| PUL0311 | enzyme activity assay | cellulose | Escherichia coli | 31455320 Identification and characterization of an Endo-glucanase secreted from cellulolytic Escherichia coli ZH-4. BMC Biotechnol. 2019 Aug 27;19(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12896-019-0556-0. |
2019 Aug 27 | degradation | 4 | 2 | GH8, GT2 |
| PUL0321 | enzyme activity assay, transposon mutagenesis | beta-glucoside | Escherichia coli | 19233952 Characterization of a beta-glucoside operon (bgc) prevalent in septicemic and uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Apr;75(8):2284-93. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02621-08. Epub 2009 Feb 20. |
2009 Apr | degradation | 6 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0325 | RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | beta-glucan | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 28461332 A Bacteroidetes locus dedicated to fungal 1,6-beta-glucan degradation: Unique substrate conformation drives specificity of the key endo-1,6-beta-glucanase. J Biol Chem. 2017 Jun 23;292(25):10639-10650. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.787606. Epub 2017 May 1. |
2017 Jun 23 | degradation | 6 | 2 | GH3, GH30_3 |
| PUL0326 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | beta-glucan | Bacteroides ovatus | 28461332 A Bacteroidetes locus dedicated to fungal 1,6-beta-glucan degradation: Unique substrate conformation drives specificity of the key endo-1,6-beta-glucanase. J Biol Chem. 2017 Jun 23;292(25):10639-10650. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.787606. Epub 2017 May 1. |
2017 Jun 23 | degradation | 13 | 1 | GH73 |
| PUL0330 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | pectin | Gramella flava | 28261179, 30341080 Characterization of Potential Polysaccharide Utilization Systems in the Marine Bacteroidetes Gramella Flava JLT2011 Using a Multi-Omics Approach. Biochemical Reconstruction of a Metabolic Pathway from a Marine Bacterium Reveals Its Mechanism of Pectin Depolymerization. Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 14;8:220. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00220. eCollection 2017. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018 Dec 13;85(1):e02114-18. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02114-18. Print 2019 Jan 1. |
2017,2019 Jan 1 | degradation | 28 | 10 | CE12, CE8, GH105, GH28, GH28, PL9_1, GH43_10, CBM91, PL10_1, PL9_1 |
| PUL0332 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | beta-glucan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 19 | 8 | CE7, GH127, GH2, GH5_2, GH5_7, GH94, GH97 |
| PUL0333 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | beta-glucan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 22 | 4 | GH30, GH31_3, GH9 |
| PUL0334 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | beta-glucan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 23 | 7 | CE20, CE4, GH30, GH31_3, GH9 |
| PUL0335 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | xylan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 31 | 5 | GH13_46, GH158, GH16_3, GH3, GH97 |
| PUL0336 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | xylan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 25 | 4 | GH158, GH16_3, GH3, GT2 |
| PUL0337 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | xylan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 29 | 4 | GH158, GH16_3, GH3, GT2 |
| PUL0338 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | xylan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 34 | 5 | GH158, GH16_3, GH3, GH97, GT2 |
| PUL0339 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | xylan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 24 | 4 | GH16_3, GH20, GH3, GH97 |
| PUL0340 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | beta-glucan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 37 | 1 | GH5_2 |
| PUL0341 | fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | beta-glucan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 43 | 3 | GH32, GH5_2, GH91 |
| PUL0342 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | xylan | Prevotella ruminicola | 19304844 Biochemical analysis of a beta-D-xylosidase and a bifunctional xylanase-ferulic acid esterase from a xylanolytic gene cluster in Prevotella ruminicola 23. J Bacteriol. 2009 May;191(10):3328-38. doi: 10.1128/JB.01628-08. Epub 2009 Mar 20. |
2009 May | degradation | 5 | 3 | GH10, CE1, GH3, GH95 |
| PUL0343 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay, Western Blot, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) | beta-glucan | uncultured bacterium | 28091525 A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248. |
2017 Jan 16 | degradation | 39 | 1 | GH5_2 |
| PUL0345 | qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | xylan | Bacteroides intestinalis | 27681607 Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393, a member of the human colonic microbiome, upregulates multiple endoxylanases during growth on xylan. Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 29;6:34360. doi: 10.1038/srep34360. |
2016 Sep 29 | degradation | 31 | 13 | CE1, CE20, CE20, CE6, GH95, GH10, GH10, GH43_12, CBM91, GH115, GH35, GH43_1, GH5_21, GH67, GH8 |
| PUL0348 | enzyme activity assay | host glycan | Bacteroides fragilis | 22449996 Characterization of a gene cluster for sialoglycoconjugate utilization in Bacteroides fragilis. J Med Invest. 2012;59(1-2):79-94. doi: 10.2152/jmi.59.79. |
2012 | degradation | 13 | 9 | CBM93, GH33, CE3, CE20, GH2, GH20, GH20, CBM32, GH92 |
| PUL0351 | enzyme activity assay | starch | Escherichia coli | 1435727 Characterization of a chromosomally encoded, non-PTS metabolic pathway for sucrose utilization in Escherichia coli EC3132. Mol Gen Genet. 1992 Oct;235(1):22-32. doi: 10.1007/BF00286177. |
1992 Oct | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH32 |
| PUL0361 | enzyme activity assay | starch | Thermotoga maritima | 10972187 Thermotoga maritima AglA, an extremely thermostable NAD+-, Mn2+-, and thiol-dependent alpha-glucosidase. Extremophiles. 2000 Aug;4(4):189-200. doi: 10.1007/pl00010711. |
2000 Aug | degradation | 6 | 3 | GH13_20, GH13_36, GH4 |
| PUL0362 | enzyme activity assay | starch | Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris | 17311090 Plant carbohydrate scavenging through tonB-dependent receptors: a feature shared by phytopathogenic and aquatic bacteria. PLoS One. 2007 Feb 21;2(2):e224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000224. |
2007 Feb 21 | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH13_4 |
| PUL0363 | enzyme activity assay | pectin | Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris | 17311090 Plant carbohydrate scavenging through tonB-dependent receptors: a feature shared by phytopathogenic and aquatic bacteria. PLoS One. 2007 Feb 21;2(2):e224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000224. |
2007 Feb 21 | degradation | 3 | 2 | CE8, PL10_1 |
| PUL0364 | enzyme activity assay | xylan | Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris | 17311090 Plant carbohydrate scavenging through tonB-dependent receptors: a feature shared by phytopathogenic and aquatic bacteria. PLoS One. 2007 Feb 21;2(2):e224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000224. |
2007 Feb 21 | degradation | 8 | 4 | GH10, GH2, GH43_1 |
| PUL0371 | enzyme activity assay | starch | Thermococcus sp. B1001 | 11489857 Extracellular synthesis, specific recognition, and intracellular degradation of cyclomaltodextrins by the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus sp. strain B1001. J Bacteriol. 2001 Sep;183(17):5050-7. doi: 10.1128/JB.183.17.5050-5057.2001. |
2001 Sep | degradation | 5 | 2 | CBM34, GH13_20, GH13_2, CBM20 |
| PUL0372 | enzyme activity assay | beta-glucoside | Corynebacterium glutamicum | 19628558 Identification of a second beta-glucoside phosphoenolpyruvate: carbohydrate phosphotransferase system in Corynebacterium glutamicum R. Microbiology (Reading). 2009 Nov;155(Pt 11):3652-3660. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.029496-0. Epub 2009 Jul 23. |
2009 Nov | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0373 | enzyme activity assay | starch | Dickeya dadantii | 19734309 Catabolism of raffinose, sucrose, and melibiose in Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937. J Bacteriol. 2009 Nov;191(22):6960-7. doi: 10.1128/JB.00594-09. Epub 2009 Sep 4. |
2009 Nov | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH32 |
| PUL0377 | microarray, qPCR, enzyme activity assay | glycosaminoglycan | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 18996345, 30262663 Mucosal glycan foraging enhances fitness and transmission of a saccharolytic human gut bacterial symbiont. The human gut microbe Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron encodes the founding member of a novel glycosaminoglycan-degrading polysaccharide lyase family PL29. Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Nov 13;4(5):447-57. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2008.09.007. J Biol Chem. 2018 Nov 16;293(46):17906-17916. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.004510. Epub 2018 Sep 27. |
2008 Nov 13,2018 Nov 16 | degradation | 27 | 5 | GH2, GH88, PL29, PL8_2 |
| PUL0380 | microarray, qPCR, microarray, enzyme activity assay, strcutural analysis, clone and expression | mucin | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 18996345, 16968696, 32060313 Mucosal glycan foraging enhances fitness and transmission of a saccharolytic human gut bacterial symbiont. Functional genomic and metabolic studies of the adaptations of a prominent adult human gut symbiont, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, to the suckling period. Structural basis of mammalian high-mannose N-glycan processing by human gut Bacteroides. Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Nov 13;4(5):447-57. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2008.09.007. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 24;281(47):36269-79. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M606509200. Epub 2006 Sep 12. Nat Commun. 2020 Feb 14;11(1):899. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14754-7. |
2008 Nov 13,2006 Nov 24,2020 Feb 14 | degradation | 12 | 4 | GH18, GH92 |
| PUL0390 | enzyme activity assay | xylan | Thermotoga maritima | 21255309 Hyperthermostable acetyl xylan esterase. Microb Biotechnol. 2010 Jan;3(1):84-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2009.00150.x. Epub 2009 Sep 18. |
2010 Jan | degradation | 24 | 6 | CBM22, CBM22, CBM22, GH10, CBM9, CBM9, CE7, GH10, GH3, GH67 |
| PUL0393 | enzyme activity assay, analysis of reaction products | galactan | Microbulbifer thermotolerans | 20686828 Hyper-production and characterization of the iota-carrageenase useful for iota-carrageenan oligosaccharide production from a deep-sea bacterium, Microbulbifer thermotolerans JAMB-A94T, and insight into the unusual catalytic mechanism. Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2011 Jun;13(3):411-22. doi: 10.1007/s10126-010-9312-0. Epub 2010 Aug 5. |
2011 Jun | degradation | 5 | 2 | CBM6, CBM6, GH86, GH86, GH16_16, CBM6 |
| PUL0402 | Northern Blot, enzyme activity assay | xylan | Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IO-1 | 11282589 Genetic evidence for a defective xylan degradation pathway in Lactococcus lactis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Apr;67(4):1445-52. doi: 10.1128/AEM.67.4.1445-1452.2001. |
2001 Apr | degradation | 6 | 1 | GH43_11, CBM91 |
| PUL0407 | primer extension analysis, enzyme activity assay | human milk oligosaccharide | Lactobacillus casei | 9066115 Establishing a model to study the regulation of the lactose operon in Lactobacillus casei. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1997 Mar 1;148(1):83-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10271.x. |
1997 Mar 1 | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0408 | enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | beta-mannan | Bacteroides fragilis | 24217874 The mannobiose-forming exo-mannanase involved in a new mannan catabolic pathway in Bacteroides fragilis. Arch Microbiol. 2014 Jan;196(1):17-23. doi: 10.1007/s00203-013-0938-y. Epub 2013 Nov 12. |
2014 Jan | degradation | 4 | 2 | GH130_1, GH26 |
| PUL0411 | enzyme activity assay | xylan | Prevotella bryantii | 7487028 A xylan hydrolase gene cluster in Prevotella ruminicola B(1)4: sequence relationships, synergistic interactions, and oxygen sensitivity of a novel enzyme with exoxylanase and beta-(1,4)-xylosidase activities. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995 Aug;61(8):2958-64. doi: 10.1128/aem.61.8.2958-2964.1995. |
1995 Aug | degradation | 2 | 2 | GH10, GH43_1 |
| PUL0412 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | pectin | Ralstonia solanacearum | 12795379 Characterization of a Ralstonia solanacearum operon required for polygalacturonate degradation and uptake of galacturonic acid. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2003 Jun;16(6):536-44. doi: 10.1094/MPMI.2003.16.6.536. |
2003 Jun | degradation | 2 | 1 | GH28 |
| PUL0413 | enzyme activity assay, reducing-sugar assay | cellobiose | uncultured bacterium contig00059 | 30116044 Functional metagenomics reveals abundant polysaccharide-degrading gene clusters and cellobiose utilization pathways within gut microbiota of a wood-feeding higher termite. ISME J. 2019 Jan;13(1):104-117. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0255-1. Epub 2018 Aug 16. |
2019 Jan | degradation | 31 | 2 | GH1, GH44 |
| PUL0414 | enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | xylan | uncultured bacterium 35A20 | 30116044 Functional metagenomics reveals abundant polysaccharide-degrading gene clusters and cellobiose utilization pathways within gut microbiota of a wood-feeding higher termite. ISME J. 2019 Jan;13(1):104-117. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0255-1. Epub 2018 Aug 16. |
2019 Jan | degradation | 25 | 4 | GH1, GH10 |
| PUL0423 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | cellobiose | Thermotoga neapolitana | 10960102 Cloning and characterization of the glucooligosaccharide catabolic pathway beta-glucan glucohydrolase and cellobiose phosphorylase in the marine hyperthermophile Thermotoga neapolitana. J Bacteriol. 2000 Sep;182(18):5172-9. doi: 10.1128/JB.182.18.5172-5179.2000. |
2000 Sep | degradation | 3 | 2 | GH1, GH94 |
| PUL0442 | mass spectrometry, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, SDS-PAGE, recombinant protein expression, enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay | glucomannan/chitin | Chitinophaga pinensis DSM 2588 | 28069559, 37493618 Proteomic insights into mannan degradation and protein secretion by the forest floor bacterium Chitinophaga pinensis. A polysaccharide utilization locus from Chitinophaga pinensis simultaneously targets chitin and beta-glucans found in fungal cell walls. J Proteomics. 2017 Mar 6;156:63-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.01.003. Epub 2017 Jan 6. mSphere. 2023 Aug 24;8(4):e0024423. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00244-23. Epub 2023 Jul 26. |
2017 Mar 6,2023 Aug 24 | degradation | 9 | 3 | GH16_3, CBM6, GH18, CBM6, GH18, GH18, CBM5 |
| PUL0445 | recombinant protein expression, thin-layer chromatography, enzyme activity assay | alginate | Sphingomonas sp. | 10913091 Molecular identification of oligoalginate lyase of Sphingomonas sp. strain A1 as one of the enzymes required for complete depolymerization of alginate. J Bacteriol. 2000 Aug;182(16):4572-7. doi: 10.1128/JB.182.16.4572-4577.2000. |
2000 Aug | degradation | 8 | 2 | PL15_1, PL5, PL7 |
| PUL0455 | clone and expression, genes induced in presence of substrate, enzyme activity assay | starch | Bifidobacterium animalis | 12513973 Induction of sucrose utilization genes from Bifidobacterium lactis by sucrose and raffinose. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Jan;69(1):24-32. doi: 10.1128/AEM.69.1.24-32.2003. |
2003 Jan | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH13_18 |
| PUL0457 | high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, enzyme activity assay, RNA-seq | xylan | Lactobacillus rossiae | 27142164 Cloning, expression and characterization of a beta-D-xylosidase from Lactobacillus rossiae DSM 15814(T). Microb Cell Fact. 2016 May 3;15:72. doi: 10.1186/s12934-016-0473-z. |
2016 May 3 | degradation | 7 | 1 | GH43_11, CBM91 |
| PUL0458 | RNA-seq, analysis of reaction products, enzyme activity assay | carrageenan | Colwellia echini | 31915221 A Multifunctional Polysaccharide Utilization Gene Cluster in Colwellia echini Encodes Enzymes for the Complete Degradation of kappa-Carrageenan, iota-Carrageenan, and Hybrid beta/kappa-Carrageenan. mSphere. 2020 Jan 8;5(1):e00792-19. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00792-19. |
2020 Jan 8 | degradation | 46 | 9 | GH16_13, GH16_13, CBM16, CBM16, GH16_17, GH16_3, GH167, GH82 |
| PUL0459 | RNA-seq, analysis of reaction products, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry | agarose | Colwellia echini A3 | 31915221, 33811026 A Multifunctional Polysaccharide Utilization Gene Cluster in Colwellia echini Encodes Enzymes for the Complete Degradation of kappa-Carrageenan, iota-Carrageenan, and Hybrid beta/kappa-Carrageenan. A Novel Auxiliary Agarolytic Pathway Expands Metabolic Versatility in the Agar-Degrading Marine Bacterium Colwellia echini A3(T). mSphere. 2020 Jan 8;5(1):e00792-19. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00792-19. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021 May 26;87(12):e0023021. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00230-21. Epub 2021 May 26. |
2020 Jan 8,2021 May 26 | degradation | 45 | 9 | GH117, GH117, GH2, GH29, GH50, GH86, GH96 |
| PUL0460 | recombinant protein expression, RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | agar | Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66 | 29774012 A Novel Enzyme Portfolio for Red Algal Polysaccharide Degradation in the Marine Bacterium Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66(T) Encoded in a Sizeable Polysaccharide Utilization Locus. Front Microbiol. 2018 May 3;9:839. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00839. eCollection 2018. |
2018 | degradation | 23 | 6 | CE2, GH2, GH29, GH50, GH63, GH86, GH86, CBM6 |
| PUL0466 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | arabinan | Bacillus subtilis | 14973026 Transcriptional regulation of genes encoding arabinan-degrading enzymes in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 2004 Mar;186(5):1287-96. doi: 10.1128/JB.186.5.1287-1296.2004. |
2004 Mar | degradation | 9 | 1 | GH51_1 |
| PUL0485 | growth assay, qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay, affinity gel electrophoresis, crystallization, recombinant protein expression | starch | Flavobacterium johnsoniae | 19717629, 37269952, 38661728 Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Bacteroidota polysaccharide utilization system for branched dextran exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. Structural insights into alpha-(1-->6)-linkage preference of GH97 glucodextranase from Flavobacterium johnsoniae. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28. J Biol Chem. 2023 Jul;299(7):104885. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104885. Epub 2023 Jun 2. FEBS J. 2024 Jul;291(14):3267-3282. doi: 10.1111/febs.17139. Epub 2024 Apr 25. |
2009 Nov,2023 Jul,2024 Jul | degradation | 9 | 5 | GH27, CBM13, GH31, GH65, GH66, GH97 |
| PUL0497 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | chitin | Pseudoalteromonas piscicida | 11772635 Identification and characterization of the gene cluster involved in chitin degradation in a marine bacterium, Alteromonas sp. strain O-7. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Jan;68(1):263-70. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.1.263-270.2002. |
2002 Jan | degradation | 3 | 3 | AA10, CBM5, GH18, GH18, CBM5 |
| PUL0508 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | xylan | Streptomyces thermoviolaceus | 14761997 Molecular characterization of a high-affinity xylobiose transporter of Streptomyces thermoviolaceus OPC-520 and its transcriptional regulation. J Bacteriol. 2004 Feb;186(4):1029-37. doi: 10.1128/JB.186.4.1029-1037.2004. |
2004 Feb | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH3 |
| PUL0520 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | xylan | Klebsiella oxytoca | 14532050 Cloning, characterization, and functional expression of the Klebsiella oxytoca xylodextrin utilization operon (xynTB) in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Oct;69(10):5957-67. doi: 10.1128/AEM.69.10.5957-5967.2003. |
2003 Oct | degradation | 2 | 1 | GH43_11, CBM91 |
| PUL0531 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | chitin | Serratia marcescens | 12618440 Uptake of N,N'-diacetylchitobiose [(GlcNAc)2] via the phosphotransferase system is essential for chitinase production by Serratia marcescens 2170. J Bacteriol. 2003 Mar;185(6):1776-82. doi: 10.1128/JB.185.6.1776-1782.2003. |
2003 Mar | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0555 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, qRT-PCR, microarray, enzyme activity assay | host glycan | Bacteroides fragilis | 25139987 Efficient utilization of complex N-linked glycans is a selective advantage for Bacteroides fragilis in extraintestinal infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Sep 2;111(35):12901-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1407344111. Epub 2014 Aug 19. |
2014 Sep 2 | degradation | 9 | 5 | GH154, GH2, GH20, GH88, PL33_1 |
| PUL0556 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, qRT-PCR, microarray, enzyme activity assay | host glycan | Bacteroides fragilis | 25139987 Efficient utilization of complex N-linked glycans is a selective advantage for Bacteroides fragilis in extraintestinal infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Sep 2;111(35):12901-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1407344111. Epub 2014 Aug 19. |
2014 Sep 2 | degradation | 8 | 2 | GH18, GH97 |
| PUL0558 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, growth assay, enzyme activity assay | pectin | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 28329766, 22205877 Complex pectin metabolism by gut bacteria reveals novel catalytic functions. Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. Nature. 2017 Apr 6;544(7648):65-70. doi: 10.1038/nature21725. Epub 2017 Mar 22. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20. |
2017 Apr 6,2011 Dec | degradation | 50 | 21 | CBM67, GH78, CBM67, GH78, GH33, CE19, CE20, GH105, GH106, GH127, GH137, GH2, CBM57, CBM97, GH138, GH139, GH140, GH141, GH143, GH142, GH2, GH28, GH43_18, GH78, GH95, PL1_2 |
| PUL0559 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, growth assay, enzyme activity assay, microarray, qPCR | pectin | Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron | 28329766, 18996345, 22205877, 16968696 Complex pectin metabolism by gut bacteria reveals novel catalytic functions. Mucosal glycan foraging enhances fitness and transmission of a saccharolytic human gut bacterial symbiont. Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. Functional genomic and metabolic studies of the adaptations of a prominent adult human gut symbiont, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, to the suckling period. Nature. 2017 Apr 6;544(7648):65-70. doi: 10.1038/nature21725. Epub 2017 Mar 22. Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Nov 13;4(5):447-57. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2008.09.007. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 24;281(47):36269-79. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M606509200. Epub 2006 Sep 12. |
2017 Apr 6,2008 Nov 13,2011 Dec,2006 Nov 24 | degradation | 12 | 4 | GH29, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_34, CBM32, GH97 |
| PUL0561 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | alpha-galactan | Lactobacillus plantarum | 12406739 Characterization of the melA locus for alpha-galactosidase in Lactobacillus plantarum. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Nov;68(11):5464-71. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.11.5464-5471.2002. |
2002 Nov | degradation | 5 | 2 | GH2, GH36 |
| PUL0568 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | starch | Clostridium beijerinckii | 10411273 The genes controlling sucrose utilization in Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 constitute an operon. Microbiology (Reading). 1999 Jun;145 ( Pt 6):1461-1472. doi: 10.1099/13500872-145-6-1461. |
1999 Jun | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH32 |
| PUL0569 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | fructan | Bacillus subtilis | 11739774 yveB, Encoding endolevanase LevB, is part of the sacB-yveB-yveA levansucrase tricistronic operon in Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology (Reading). 2001 Dec;147(Pt 12):3413-9. doi: 10.1099/00221287-147-12-3413. |
2001 Dec | degradation | 4 | 2 | GH32, GH68_1 |
| PUL0570 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | cellobiose | Corynebacterium glutamicum | 12777497 A single V317A or V317M substitution in Enzyme II of a newly identified beta-glucoside phosphotransferase and utilization system of Corynebacterium glutamicum R extends its specificity towards cellobiose. Microbiology (Reading). 2003 Jun;149(Pt 6):1569-1580. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.26053-0. |
2003 Jun | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0572 | enzyme activity assay | alginate | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 8335634 Characterization of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa alginate lyase gene (algL): cloning, sequencing, and expression in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1993 Aug;175(15):4780-9. doi: 10.1128/jb.175.15.4780-4789.1993. |
1993 Aug | biosynthesis | 12 | 2 | GT2, PL5_1 |
| PUL0573 | enzyme activity assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, RT-PCR, qRT-PCR | beta-glucan | Streptomyces griseus | 19648249 CebR as a master regulator for cellulose/cellooligosaccharide catabolism affects morphological development in Streptomyces griseus. J Bacteriol. 2009 Oct;191(19):5930-40. doi: 10.1128/JB.00703-09. Epub 2009 Jul 31. |
2009 Oct | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0574 | enzyme activity assay | alpha-mannan | Streptococcus pyogenes | 16822234 Functional analysis of a group A streptococcal glycoside hydrolase Spy1600 from family 84 reveals it is a beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase and not a hyaluronidase. Biochem J. 2006 Oct 15;399(2):241-7. doi: 10.1042/BJ20060307. |
2006 Oct 15 | degradation | 8 | 4 | GH1, GH125, GH38, GH84 |
| PUL0577 | SDS-PAGE, enzyme activity assay | chitin | Photobacterium profundum | 21098515 Elucidation of exo-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity of a family 9 glycoside hydrolase (PBPRA0520) from Photobacterium profundum SS9. Glycobiology. 2011 Apr;21(4):503-11. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwq191. Epub 2010 Nov 22. |
2011 Apr | degradation | 11 | 3 | GH20, GH9, GH94 |
| PUL0578 | qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay | beta-glucan | Bifidobacterium breve | 21216899 Cellodextrin utilization by bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Mar;77(5):1681-90. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01786-10. Epub 2011 Jan 7. |
2011 Mar | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0581 | SDS-PAGE, enzyme activity assay | fructan | Microbulbifer sp. JAM-3301 | 22286980 Cloning and sequencing of inulinase and beta-fructofuranosidase genes of a deep-sea Microbulbifer species and properties of recombinant enzymes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Apr;78(7):2493-5. doi: 10.1128/AEM.07442-11. Epub 2012 Jan 27. |
2012 Apr | degradation | 3 | 2 | GH32 |
| PUL0582 | NMR, microarray, enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | human milk oligosaccharide | Lactococcus lactis | 22660716 A specific mutation in the promoter region of the silent cel cluster accounts for the appearance of lactose-utilizing Lactococcus lactis MG1363. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Aug;78(16):5612-21. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00455-12. Epub 2012 Jun 1. |
2012 Aug | degradation | 5 | 2 | GH1, GH170 |
| PUL0583 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | cellobiose | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 8407820 Cloning and sequencing of a cellobiose phosphotransferase system operon from Bacillus stearothermophilus XL-65-6 and functional expression in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1993 Oct;175(20):6441-50. doi: 10.1128/jb.175.20.6441-6450.1993. |
1993 Oct | degradation | 5 | 0 | NA |
| PUL0586 | enzyme activity assay | chitin | Serratia marcescens | 23047109 Regulation of chitinase production by the 5'-untranslated region of the ybfM in Serratia marcescens 2170. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2012;76(10):1920-4. doi: 10.1271/bbb.120403. Epub 2012 Oct 7. |
2012 | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH20 |
| PUL0587 | RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | fructan | Prevotella intermedia | 23266804 Identification and functional analysis of the gene cluster for fructan utilization in Prevotella intermedia. Gene. 2013 Feb 25;515(2):291-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.023. Epub 2012 Dec 22. |
2013 Feb 25 | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH32 |
| PUL0588 | enzyme activity assay, RT-PCR | chitin | Streptomyces coelicolor | 23278377 Enzymatic and genetic characterization of the DasD protein possessing N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase activity in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2013 Mar;340(1):33-40. doi: 10.1111/1574-6968.12069. Epub 2013 Jan 16. |
2013 Mar | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH3 |
| PUL0589 | Western Blot, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography | starch | Streptococcus mutans | 23930155 The malQ gene is essential for starch metabolism in Streptococcus mutans. J Oral Microbiol. 2013 Aug 6;5. doi: 10.3402/jom.v5i0.21285. Print 2013. |
2013 | degradation | 3 | 2 | GH77, GT35 |
| PUL0595 | enzyme activity assay, qPCR, crystallization | starch | [Eubacterium] rectale | 25388295 Molecular details of a starch utilization pathway in the human gut symbiont Eubacterium rectale. Mol Microbiol. 2015 Jan;95(2):209-30. doi: 10.1111/mmi.12859. Epub 2014 Dec 19. |
2015 Jan | degradation | 4 | 1 | CBM82, CBM83, GH13_41 |
| PUL0596 | enzyme activity assay, qPCR, crystallization | starch | [Eubacterium] rectale | 25388295 Molecular details of a starch utilization pathway in the human gut symbiont Eubacterium rectale. Mol Microbiol. 2015 Jan;95(2):209-30. doi: 10.1111/mmi.12859. Epub 2014 Dec 19. |
2015 Jan | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH13_36 |
| PUL0597 | enzyme activity assay, enzyme kinetic analysis | arabinoxylan | Corynebacterium alkanolyticum | 25862223 Functional Characterization of Corynebacterium alkanolyticum beta-Xylosidase and Xyloside ABC Transporter in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Jun 15;81(12):4173-83. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00792-15. Epub 2015 Apr 10. |
2015 Jun 15 | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH3 |
| PUL0606 | enzyme activity assay, clone and expression | beta-galactooligosaccharide | Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 | 32385941 Biochemical analysis of cross-feeding behaviour between two common gut commensals when cultivated on plant-derived arabinogalactan. Microb Biotechnol. 2020 Nov;13(6):1733-1747. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.13577. Epub 2020 May 9. |
2020 Nov | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH2 |
| PUL0607 | enzyme activity assay, clone and expression, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry | agarose | Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica strain CZ1127 | 32520542 Characterization of a Novel Porphyranase Accommodating Methyl-galactoses at Its Subsites. J Agric Food Chem. 2020 Jul 1;68(26):7032-7039. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02404. Epub 2020 Jun 22. |
2020 Jul 1 | degradation | 22 | 8 | GH105, GH154, GH117, GH141, GH16_11, GH16_14, GH2, GH29 |
| PUL0608 | enzyme activity assay, clone and expression, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, thin-layer chromatography, MALDI-TOF/MS | human milk oligosaccharide | Roseburia hominis DSM 16839 | 32620774 Butyrate producing colonic Clostridiales metabolise human milk oligosaccharides and cross feed on mucin via conserved pathways. Nat Commun. 2020 Jul 3;11(1):3285. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17075-x. |
2020 Jul 3 | degradation | 9 | 2 | GH112, GH136 |
| PUL0609 | enzyme activity assay, clone and expression, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, thin-layer chromatography, MALDI-TOF/MS | human milk oligosaccharide | Roseburia inulinivorans DSM 16841 | 32620774 Butyrate producing colonic Clostridiales metabolise human milk oligosaccharides and cross feed on mucin via conserved pathways. Nat Commun. 2020 Jul 3;11(1):3285. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17075-x. |
2020 Jul 3 | degradation | 11 | 4 | GH112, GH136, CBM32, GH95 |
| PUL0610 | enzyme activity assay, strcutural analysis | xylan | Rhodothermus marinus | 31992772 Characterization and diversity of the complete set of GH family 3 enzymes from Rhodothermus marinus DSM 4253. Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 28;10(1):1329. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58015-5. |
2020 Jan 28 | degradation | 15 | 6 | CBM4, CBM4, GH10, GH10, GH3, GH43_15, CBM91, CBM6, GH67 |
| PUL0630 | enzyme activity assay, affinity gel electrophoresis | xylan | termite gut metagenome | 33187992 Multimodularity of a GH10 Xylanase Found in the Termite Gut Metagenome. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021 Jan 15;87(3):e01714-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01714-20. Print 2021 Jan 15. |
2021 Jan 15 | degradation | 9 | 5 | CE20, CE20, GH11, GH10, GH115, GH43_1 |
| PUL0643 | enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, qRT-PCR, crystallization | arabinoxylan | Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393 | 33469030 Degradation of complex arabinoxylans by human colonic Bacteroidetes. Nat Commun. 2021 Jan 19;12(1):459. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20737-5. |
2021 Jan 19 | degradation | 12 | 7 | CE1, CE6, CE1, GH3, GH43_17, GH43_2, CBM6, GH43_7, GH43_7 |
| PUL0644 | enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, qRT-PCR, crystallization | arabinoxylan | Bacteroides cellulosilyticus DSM 14838 | 33469030 Degradation of complex arabinoxylans by human colonic Bacteroidetes. Nat Commun. 2021 Jan 19;12(1):459. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20737-5. |
2021 Jan 19 | degradation | 12 | 8 | CE1, GH3, GH43_17, GH43_2, CBM6, GH43_7, GH43_7, GH9 |
| PUL0645 | enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, qRT-PCR, crystallization | arabinoxylan | Bacteroides oleiciplenus YIT 12058 | 33469030 Degradation of complex arabinoxylans by human colonic Bacteroidetes. Nat Commun. 2021 Jan 19;12(1):459. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20737-5. |
2021 Jan 19 | degradation | 10 | 5 | CE1, GH3, GH43_17, GH43_2, CBM6, GH43_7, GH43_7 |
| PUL0650 | enzyme activity assay, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, recombinant protein expression, NMR, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | arabinogalactan | Bifidobacterium longum JCM 7052 | 33674431 Novel 3-O-alpha-d-Galactosyl-alpha-l-Arabinofuranosidase for the Assimilation of Gum Arabic Arabinogalactan Protein in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021 Apr 27;87(10):e02690-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02690-20. Print 2021 Apr 27. |
2021 Apr 27 | degradation | 7 | 2 | GH36, GH39, CBM35 |
| PUL0651 | enzyme activity assay, NMR | agarose | Gilvimarinus chinensis DSM 19667 | 33691998 Agarase cocktail from agar polysaccharide utilization loci converts homogenized Gelidium amansii into neoagarooligosaccharides. Food Chem. 2021 Aug 1;352:128685. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128685. Epub 2020 Nov 19. |
2021 Aug 1 | degradation | 63 | 15 | CBM6, CBM6, CBM6, GH86, GH86, CE1, GH117, GH127, GH16_16, CBM13, GH16_16, CBM6, CBM6, GH16_3, GH167, GH2, GH50, GH86 |
| PUL0653 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, complementation study, enzyme activity assay, RNA-seq, electrophoretic mobility shift assay | agarose | Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) | 33889146 LacI-Family Transcriptional Regulator DagR Acts as a Repressor of the Agarolytic Pathway Genes in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Front Microbiol. 2021 Apr 6;12:658657. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.658657. eCollection 2021. |
2021 | degradation | 17 | 4 | GH117, GH117, GH16_16, GH2, GH50 |
| PUL0671 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay, Western Blot, qPCR | cellulose | Cytophaga hutchinsonii ATCC 33406 | 34731049 A Type IX Secretion System Substrate Involved in Crystalline Cellulose Degradation by Affecting Crucial Cellulose Binding Proteins in Cytophaga hutchinsonii. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Jan 25;88(2):e0183721. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01837-21. Epub 2021 Nov 3. |
2022 Jan 25 | degradation | 6 | 0 | NA |
| PUL0674 | microarray, enzyme activity assay, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, mass spectrometry, RNA-seq, affinity gel electrophoresis, carbohydrate binding assay, microscale thermophoresis | beta-glucan | Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 8483 | 34817219, 29020628, 22205877, 32801182, 31062073 Mapping Molecular Recognition of beta1,3-1,4-Glucans by a Surface Glycan-Binding Protein from the Human Gut Symbiont Bacteroides ovatus. Molecular Mechanism by which Prominent Human Gut Bacteroidetes Utilize Mixed-Linkage Beta-Glucans, Major Health-Promoting Cereal Polysaccharides. Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. Sharing a beta-Glucan Meal: Transcriptomic Eavesdropping on a Bacteroides ovatus-Subdoligranulum variabile-Hungatella hathewayi Consortium. Surface glycan-binding proteins are essential for cereal beta-glucan utilization by the human gut symbiont Bacteroides ovatus. Microbiol Spectr. 2021 Dec 22;9(3):e0182621. doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.01826-21. Epub 2021 Nov 24. Cell Rep. 2017 Oct 10;21(2):417-430. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.049. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2020 Oct 1;86(20):e01651-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01651-20. Print 2020 Oct 1. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2019 Nov;76(21):4319-4340. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03115-3. Epub 2019 May 6. |
2021 Dec 22,2017 Oct 10,2011 Dec,2020 Oct 1,2019 Nov | degradation | 8 | 3 | GH16_3, GH3 |
| PUL0675 | recombinant protein expression, enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography, growth assay | levoglucosan | Klebsiella pneumoniae MEC097 | 34910566 Isolation and Characterization of Levoglucosan-Metabolizing Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Feb 22;88(4):e0186821. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01868-21. Epub 2021 Dec 15. |
2022 Feb 22 | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH179 |
| PUL0676 | recombinant protein expression, enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography | levoglucosan | Microbacterium MEC084 | 34910566 Isolation and Characterization of Levoglucosan-Metabolizing Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Feb 22;88(4):e0186821. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01868-21. Epub 2021 Dec 15. |
2022 Feb 22 | degradation | 6 | 1 | GH179 |
| PUL0677 | recombinant protein expression, enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography | levoglucosan | Shinella sumterensis MEC087 | 34910566 Isolation and Characterization of Levoglucosan-Metabolizing Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Feb 22;88(4):e0186821. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01868-21. Epub 2021 Dec 15. |
2022 Feb 22 | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH179 |
| PUL0681 | enzyme activity assay, NMR | pectic polysaccharide | Bacteroidaceae bacterium | 35110564 Gut microbiome of the largest living rodent harbors unprecedented enzymatic systems to degrade plant polysaccharides. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 2;13(1):629. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28310-y. |
2022 Feb 2 | degradation | 10 | 5 | GH173, GH2, GH5_57, GH78 |
| PUL0682 | enzyme activity assay, affinity gel electrophoresis | xylan | Bacteroidaceae bacterium | 35110564 Gut microbiome of the largest living rodent harbors unprecedented enzymatic systems to degrade plant polysaccharides. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 2;13(1):629. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28310-y. |
2022 Feb 2 | degradation | 3 | 3 | CBM89, GH10, GH43_12, CBM91, GH97 |
| PUL0683 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression | nigerooligosaccharide | Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris MG1363 | 35293315 Structural basis of the strict specificity of a bacterial GH31 alpha-1,3-glucosidase for nigerooligosaccharides. J Biol Chem. 2022 May;298(5):101827. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101827. Epub 2022 Mar 12. |
2022 May | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH31_15 |
| PUL0686 | enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, substrate degradation assay, assimilation assay | hyaluronan | Granulicatella adiacens ATCC 49175 | 35768476 Enhanced propagation of Granulicatella adiacens from human oral microbiota by hyaluronan. Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 29;12(1):10948. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14857-9. |
2022 Jun 29 | degradation | 17 | 2 | CBM70, PL8_1, PL12_1 |
| PUL0701 | qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | xyloglucan | Xanthomonas citri pv. citri str. 306 | 25595763 Xylan utilization regulon in Xanthomonas citri pv. citri Strain 306: gene expression and utilization of oligoxylosides. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Mar;81(6):2163-72. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03091-14. Epub 2015 Jan 16. |
2015 Mar | degradation | 31 | 8 | CE20, CE20, GH10, GH2, GH3, GH43_1, GH43_12, CBM91, GH67 |
| PUL0702 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | xyloglucan | Xanthomonas citri pv. citri str. 306 | 34193873 Xyloglucan processing machinery in Xanthomonas pathogens and its role in the transcriptional activation of virulence factors. Nat Commun. 2021 Jun 30;12(1):4049. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24277-4. |
2021 Jun 30 | degradation | 8 | 5 | CE20, CE20, GH31_4, GH35, GH74, GH95 |
| PUL0703 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, thin-layer chromatography | agarose | Aquimarina sp. ERC-38 | 37002465 Agarolytic Pathway in the Newly Isolated Aquimarina sp. Bacterial Strain ERC-38 and Characterization of a Putative beta-agarase. Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2023 Apr;25(2):314-327. doi: 10.1007/s10126-023-10206-7. Epub 2023 Apr 1. |
2023 Apr | degradation | 36 | 10 | CE1, GH117, GH117, GH16_15, GH16_16, GH16_16, CBM6, GH2, GH82, GH86, GH86, GH86, CBM6 |
| PUL0715 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay, ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS) | alginate | Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127 | 37540808 A repertoire of alginate lyases in the alginate polysaccharide utilization loci of marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica: biochemical properties and action pattern. J Sci Food Agric. 2024 Jan 15;104(1):134-140. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.12898. Epub 2023 Aug 23. |
2024 Jan 15 | degradation | 12 | 4 | PL17_2, PL17, PL6, PL6_1, PL7 |
| PUL0718 | LC-ESI-MS, enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, enzyme kinetic analysis | alginate | Bacteroides ovatus strain CP926 | 37791757 Three alginate lyases provide a new gut Bacteroides ovatus isolate with the ability to grow on alginate. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2023 Oct 31;89(10):e0118523. doi: 10.1128/aem.01185-23. Epub 2023 Oct 4. |
2023 Oct 31 | degradation | 12 | 3 | PL17_2, PL17, PL38, PL6, PL6_1 |
| PUL0723 | crystallization, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, enzyme activity assay | pectin | Phocaeicola dorei DSM 17855 | 38179933 Polysaccharide utilization loci from Bacteroidota encode CE15 enzymes with possible roles in cleaving pectin-lignin bonds. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2024 Jan 24;90(1):e0176823. doi: 10.1128/aem.01768-23. Epub 2024 Jan 5. |
2024 Jan 24 | degradation | 17 | 12 | CE12, CE15, GH105, GH106, GH106, GH28, GH2, GH28, GH42, GH43_18, GH43_34, CBM32, GH78, PL11 |
| PUL0724 | crystallization, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, enzyme activity assay | pectin | Phocaeicola vulgatus ATCC 8482 | 38179933 Polysaccharide utilization loci from Bacteroidota encode CE15 enzymes with possible roles in cleaving pectin-lignin bonds. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2024 Jan 24;90(1):e0176823. doi: 10.1128/aem.01768-23. Epub 2024 Jan 5. |
2024 Jan 24 | degradation | 16 | 12 | CE12, CE15, GH105, GH106, GH106, GH28, GH2, GH28, GH42, GH43_18, GH43_34, CBM32, GH78, PL11 |
| PUL0727 | SDS-PAGE, NMR, enzyme activity assay, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) | fucoidan | Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica strain CZ1127 | 38203394 The Discovery of the Fucoidan-Active Endo-1-->4-alpha-L-Fucanase of the GH168 Family, Which Produces Fucoidan Derivatives with Regular Sulfation and Anticoagulant Activity. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 22;25(1):218. doi: 10.3390/ijms25010218. |
2023 Dec 22 | degradation | 30 | 16 | GH107, GH117, GH141, GH168, GH29, GH43_2, GH95 |
| PUL0729 | RT-PCR, gene mutant, enzyme activity assay | cellobiose | Bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki str. HD73 | 38357353 Transcriptional regulation of cellobiose utilization by PRD-domain containing Sigma54-dependent transcriptional activator (CelR) and catabolite control protein A (CcpA) in Bacillus thuringiensis. Front Microbiol. 2024 Jan 31;15:1160472. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1160472. eCollection 2024. |
2024 | degradation | 9 | 1 | GH4 |
| PUL0730 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Cellulophaga algicola DSM 14237 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 17 | 3 | GH127, GH16_13 |
| PUL0731 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Saccharicrinis fermentans DSM 9555 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 20 | 5 | GH110, GH127, GH167, GH2 |
| PUL0732 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Cellulophaga baltica 18 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 19 | 3 | GH127, GH16_13 |
| PUL0733 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Echinicola pacifica DSM 19836 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 16 | 2 | GH127, GH129 |
| PUL0734 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Cellulophaga lytica DSM 7489 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 20 | 3 | GH127, GH129, GH2 |
| PUL0735 | enzyme activity assay, clone and expression, reducing-sugar assay, thin-layer chromatography, SDS-PAGE | arabinan | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis DSM 20211 | 38542148 Functional Characterization of Endo- and Exo-Hydrolase Genes in Arabinan Degradation Gene Cluster of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 9;25(6):3175. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063175. |
2024 Mar 9 | degradation | 17 | 7 | GH127, GH27, GH43_26, GH43_27, GH43_4, GH51_2 |
| PUL0736 | RNA-seq, RT-qPCR, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography, Western Blot, recombinant protein expression, DSS-induced mouse colitis model | alginate | Bacteroides clarus YIT 12056 | 38563787 Alginate oligosaccharide assimilation by gut microorganisms and the potential role in gut inflammation alleviation. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2024 May 21;90(5):e0004624. doi: 10.1128/aem.00046-24. Epub 2024 Apr 2. |
2024 May 21 | degradation | 10 | 3 | CE20, PL17_2, PL17, PL6, PL6_1 |
| PUL0751 | SDS-PAGE, enzyme activity assay | lactose | Escherichia coli 8178 | 39160293 Non-canonical start codons confer context-dependent advantages in carbohydrate utilization for commensal E. coli in the murine gut. Nat Microbiol. 2024 Oct;9(10):2696-2709. doi: 10.1038/s41564-024-01775-x. Epub 2024 Aug 19. |
2024 Oct | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH2 |
| PUL0771 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Rhodopirellula sp. SWK7 | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 27 | 7 | GH141, GH168, GH29 |
| PUL0772 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Rhodopirellula sp. SWK7 | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 9 | 1 | GH29 |
| PUL0773 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Rhodopirellula sp. SWK7 | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 23 | 3 | GH116, GH29, GH97 |
| PUL0774 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Rhodopirellula sp. SWK7 | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 23 | 8 | GH117, GH141, GH168, GH29, GH95 |
| PUL0775 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Rhodopirellula sp. SWK7 | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 14 | 5 | CE14, GH128, GH141, GH29 |
| PUL0776 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Rhodopirellula sp. SWK7 | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 32 | 10 | CE19, CBM51, CE20, GH115, GH116, GH117, GH117, GH29, GH95 |
| PUL0777 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 26 | 3 | GH141, GH29 |
| PUL0778 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 18 | 4 | GH172, GH29, GH3, GH95 |
| PUL0779 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 19 | 9 | GH107, GH141, GH168, GH29 |
| PUL0780 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 24 | 8 | CBM32, CE12, CE6, GH141, GH29, GH95 |
| PUL0781 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 17 | 4 | GH116, GH29, GH95 |
| PUL0782 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 15 | 3 | GH109, GH117, GH29 |
| PUL0783 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 20 | 6 | CBM51, GH115, GH172, GH28, GH29, GH95 |
| PUL0784 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 8 | 2 | GH29, GH95 |
| PUL0785 | RNA-seq, differential gene expression, HPAEC-PAD, SDS-PAGE, para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PAHBAH) assay, reducing-sugar assay, Carbohydrate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (C-PAGE), enzyme activity assay | fucoidan | Neorhodopirellula lusitana | 39738071 Mechanisms of recalcitrant fucoidan breakdown in marine Planctomycetota. Nat Commun. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):10906. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55268-w. |
2024 Dec 30 | degradation | 22 | 5 | CE20, CE20, GH95, CE7, GH117, GH168 |
| PUL0792 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, RNA-seq | xylan | Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum strain YIT11952 | 37938239 Xylan utilisation promotes adaptation of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum to the human gastrointestinal tract. ISME Commun. 2021 Oct 28;1(1):62. doi: 10.1038/s43705-021-00066-4. |
2021 Oct 28 | degradation | 15 | 5 | CE20, GH10, CBM9, GH120, GH43_11, CBM91, GH8 |
| PUL0793 | enzyme activity assay, quantification of reaction product reducing ends, RNA-seq, differential gene expression, NMR, MALDI-TOF/MS, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay, recombinant protein expression | arabinan | Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393 | 39443715 In vivo manipulation of human gut Bacteroides fitness by abiotic oligosaccharides. Nat Chem Biol. 2025 Apr;21(4):544-554. doi: 10.1038/s41589-024-01763-6. Epub 2024 Oct 23. |
2025 Apr | degradation | 14 | 6 | CE1, GH127, GH146, GH43_34, CBM32, GH97 |
| PUL0794 | enzyme activity assay, quantification of reaction product reducing ends, RNA-seq, differential gene expression, NMR, MALDI-TOF/MS, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay, recombinant protein expression | arabinan | Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393 | 39443715 In vivo manipulation of human gut Bacteroides fitness by abiotic oligosaccharides. Nat Chem Biol. 2025 Apr;21(4):544-554. doi: 10.1038/s41589-024-01763-6. Epub 2024 Oct 23. |
2025 Apr | degradation | 23 | 8 | GH146, GH28, GH43_29, GH43_4, GH51_1, GH51_2, GH97 |
| PUL0796 | recombinant protein expression, RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | carrageenan | Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66 | 29774012 A Novel Enzyme Portfolio for Red Algal Polysaccharide Degradation in the Marine Bacterium Paraglaciecola hydrolytica S66(T) Encoded in a Sizeable Polysaccharide Utilization Locus. Front Microbiol. 2018 May 3;9:839. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00839. eCollection 2018. |
2018 | degradation | 35 | 8 | GH127, GH16_13, GH16_17, GH167, GH82 |
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