| PULID | Characterization Method(s) | Substrate | Organism | Publication | Publish Date | Type | Num Genes | Num CAZymes | CazyFamily |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PUL0051 | sequence homology analysis, NMR, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), clone and expression, recombinant protein expression, enzyme kinetic analysis | alginate | Cellulophaga lytica | 29795267 Ancient acquisition of "alginate utilization loci" by human gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2018 May 23;8(1):8075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26104-1. |
2018 May 23 | degradation | 6 | 2 | PL17_2, PL17, PL6, PL6_1 |
| PUL0052 | sequence homology analysis, NMR, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), clone and expression, recombinant protein expression, enzyme kinetic analysis | alginate | Maricaulis maris | 29795267 Ancient acquisition of "alginate utilization loci" by human gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2018 May 23;8(1):8075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26104-1. |
2018 May 23 | degradation | 10 | 2 | PL17_2, PL17, PL6, PL6_1 |
| PUL0053 | sequence homology analysis, NMR, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), clone and expression, recombinant protein expression, enzyme kinetic analysis | alginate | Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 29795267 Ancient acquisition of "alginate utilization loci" by human gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2018 May 23;8(1):8075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26104-1. |
2018 May 23 | degradation | 8 | 2 | PL17_2, PL17, PL6 |
| PUL0054 | sequence homology analysis, NMR, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), clone and expression, recombinant protein expression, enzyme kinetic analysis | alginate | Alteromonas macleodii | 29795267 Ancient acquisition of "alginate utilization loci" by human gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2018 May 23;8(1):8075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26104-1. |
2018 May 23 | degradation | 9 | 2 | PL17_2, PL17, PL6, PL6_1 |
| PUL0055 | sequence homology analysis, NMR, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), clone and expression, recombinant protein expression, enzyme kinetic analysis | alginate | Bacteroides sp. 1_1_30 | 29795267 Ancient acquisition of "alginate utilization loci" by human gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2018 May 23;8(1):8075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26104-1. |
2018 May 23 | degradation | 7 | 2 | PL17_2, PL17, PL6, PL6_1 |
| PUL0056 | sequence homology analysis, NMR, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), clone and expression, recombinant protein expression, enzyme kinetic analysis | alginate | Bacteroides eggerthii | 29795267 Ancient acquisition of "alginate utilization loci" by human gut microbiota. Sci Rep. 2018 May 23;8(1):8075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26104-1. |
2018 May 23 | degradation | 5 | 3 | CE20, PL17_2, PL17, PL6, PL6_1 |
| PUL0582 | NMR, microarray, enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | human milk oligosaccharide | Lactococcus lactis | 22660716 A specific mutation in the promoter region of the silent cel cluster accounts for the appearance of lactose-utilizing Lactococcus lactis MG1363. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Aug;78(16):5612-21. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00455-12. Epub 2012 Jun 1. |
2012 Aug | degradation | 5 | 2 | GH1, GH170 |
| PUL0648 | high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, substrate binding assay, thin-layer chromatography, NMR, mass spectrometry, crystallization | xylan | Dysgonomonas mossii DSM 22836 | 33667545 A polysaccharide utilization locus from the gut bacterium Dysgonomonas mossii encodes functionally distinct carbohydrate esterases. J Biol Chem. 2021 Jan-Jun;296:100500. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100500. Epub 2021 Mar 2. |
2021 Jan-Jun | degradation | 37 | 21 | CE1, CE1, CE1, CE20, CE20, CE6, GH10, GH115, GH146, GH31_4, GH43_1, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH43_29, GH43_29, CBM6, GH51_2, GH67, GH8, GH97 |
| PUL0650 | enzyme activity assay, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, recombinant protein expression, NMR, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | arabinogalactan | Bifidobacterium longum JCM 7052 | 33674431 Novel 3-O-alpha-d-Galactosyl-alpha-l-Arabinofuranosidase for the Assimilation of Gum Arabic Arabinogalactan Protein in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021 Apr 27;87(10):e02690-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02690-20. Print 2021 Apr 27. |
2021 Apr 27 | degradation | 7 | 2 | GH36, GH39, CBM35 |
| PUL0651 | enzyme activity assay, NMR | agarose | Gilvimarinus chinensis DSM 19667 | 33691998 Agarase cocktail from agar polysaccharide utilization loci converts homogenized Gelidium amansii into neoagarooligosaccharides. Food Chem. 2021 Aug 1;352:128685. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128685. Epub 2020 Nov 19. |
2021 Aug 1 | degradation | 63 | 15 | CBM6, CBM6, CBM6, GH86, GH86, CE1, GH117, GH127, GH16_16, CBM13, GH16_16, CBM6, CBM6, GH16_3, GH167, GH2, GH50, GH86 |
| PUL0657 | recombinant protein expression, NMR | levoglucosan | Bacillus smithii S-2701M | 33208778 Conversion of levoglucosan into glucose by the coordination of four enzymes through oxidation, elimination, hydration, and reduction. Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 18;10(1):20066. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77133-8. |
2020 Nov 18 | degradation | 5 | 2 | GH109, GH179 |
| PUL0673 | NMR, substrate binding assay, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry | human milk oligosaccharide | Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum DSM20438 | 34757822 Fucosylated Human Milk Oligosaccharide Foraging within the Species Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum Is Driven by Glycosyl Hydrolase Content and Specificity. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Jan 25;88(2):e0170721. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01707-21. Epub 2021 Nov 10. |
2022 Jan 25 | degradation | 8 | 1 | GH95 |
| PUL0681 | enzyme activity assay, NMR | pectic polysaccharide | Bacteroidaceae bacterium | 35110564 Gut microbiome of the largest living rodent harbors unprecedented enzymatic systems to degrade plant polysaccharides. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 2;13(1):629. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28310-y. |
2022 Feb 2 | degradation | 10 | 5 | GH173, GH2, GH5_57, GH78 |
| PUL0725 | NMR, clone and expression, enzyme kinetic analysis | alpha-glucan | Marinovum sp. | 38180643 A Broad-Spectrum alpha-Glucosidase of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 13 from Marinovum sp., a Member of the Roseobacter Clade. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2024 Sep;196(9):6059-6071. doi: 10.1007/s12010-023-04820-3. Epub 2024 Jan 5. |
2024 Sep | degradation | 9 | 1 | GH13_23 |
| PUL0726 | reducing-sugar assay, NMR, clone and expression, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, mass spectrometry | sulfosugar | Agrobacterium tumefaciens str. C58 | 35074914 Oxidative desulfurization pathway for complete catabolism of sulfoquinovose by bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Jan 25;119(4):e2116022119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2116022119. |
2022 Jan 25 | degradation | 9 | 1 | GH31_13 |
| PUL0727 | SDS-PAGE, NMR, enzyme activity assay, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) | fucoidan | Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica strain CZ1127 | 38203394 The Discovery of the Fucoidan-Active Endo-1-->4-alpha-L-Fucanase of the GH168 Family, Which Produces Fucoidan Derivatives with Regular Sulfation and Anticoagulant Activity. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 22;25(1):218. doi: 10.3390/ijms25010218. |
2023 Dec 22 | degradation | 30 | 16 | GH107, GH117, GH141, GH168, GH29, GH43_2, GH95 |
| PUL0730 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Cellulophaga algicola DSM 14237 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 17 | 3 | GH127, GH16_13 |
| PUL0731 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Saccharicrinis fermentans DSM 9555 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 20 | 5 | GH110, GH127, GH167, GH2 |
| PUL0732 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Cellulophaga baltica 18 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 19 | 3 | GH127, GH16_13 |
| PUL0733 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Echinicola pacifica DSM 19836 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 16 | 2 | GH127, GH129 |
| PUL0734 | enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, NMR, HPLC, clone and expression | carrageenan | Cellulophaga lytica DSM 7489 | 38442258 Biocatalytic Conversion of Carrageenans for the Production of 3,6-Anhydro-D-galactose. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Mar 20;72(11):5816-5827. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08613. Epub 2024 Mar 5. |
2024 Mar 20 | degradation | 20 | 3 | GH127, GH129, GH2 |
| PUL0793 | enzyme activity assay, quantification of reaction product reducing ends, RNA-seq, differential gene expression, NMR, MALDI-TOF/MS, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay, recombinant protein expression | arabinan | Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393 | 39443715 In vivo manipulation of human gut Bacteroides fitness by abiotic oligosaccharides. Nat Chem Biol. 2025 Apr;21(4):544-554. doi: 10.1038/s41589-024-01763-6. Epub 2024 Oct 23. |
2025 Apr | degradation | 14 | 6 | CE1, GH127, GH146, GH43_34, CBM32, GH97 |
| PUL0794 | enzyme activity assay, quantification of reaction product reducing ends, RNA-seq, differential gene expression, NMR, MALDI-TOF/MS, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay, recombinant protein expression | arabinan | Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393 | 39443715 In vivo manipulation of human gut Bacteroides fitness by abiotic oligosaccharides. Nat Chem Biol. 2025 Apr;21(4):544-554. doi: 10.1038/s41589-024-01763-6. Epub 2024 Oct 23. |
2025 Apr | degradation | 23 | 8 | GH146, GH28, GH43_29, GH43_4, GH51_1, GH51_2, GH97 |
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