Browse dbCAN-PUL Entries

PULID Characterization Method(s) Substrate Organism Publication Publish Date Type Num Genes Num CAZymes CazyFamily
PUL0002 enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot beta-glucan Bacillus subtilis 8606172
LicT, a Bacillus subtilis transcriptional antiterminator protein of the BglG family. J Bacteriol. 1996 Apr;178(7):1971-9. doi: 10.1128/jb.178.7.1971-1979.1996.
1996 Apr degradation 2 1 GH16_21
PUL0003 RT-PCR xylan Bacillus subtilis 26559526
Metabolic potential of Bacillus subtilis 168 for the direct conversion of xylans to fermentation products. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Feb;100(3):1501-1510. doi: 10.1007/s00253-015-7124-x. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
2016 Feb degradation 2 2 GH30_8, GH43_16, CBM6
PUL0004 enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay beta-glucan uncultured bacterium 26827771
A novel metagenome-derived gene cluster from termite hindgut: Encoding phosphotransferase system components and high glucose tolerant glucosidase. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2016 Mar;84:24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.12.005. Epub 2015 Dec 15.
2016 Mar degradation 2 1 GH1
PUL0005 enzyme activity assay, crystallization beta-glucan Listeria innocua 26886583
Functional and Structural Analysis of a beta-Glucosidase Involved in beta-1,2-Glucan Metabolism in Listeria innocua. PLoS One. 2016 Feb 17;11(2):e0148870. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148870. eCollection 2016.
2016 degradation 2 2 GH3, GH94
PUL0010 enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry xylan Geobacillus thermodenitrificans 28616644
Synergistic hydrolysis of xylan using novel xylanases, beta-xylosidases, and an alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Aug;101(15):6023-6037. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8341-2. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
2017 Aug degradation 42 8 CE4, GH10, GH39, GH43_11, CBM91, GH51_1, GH52, GH67
PUL0019 enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot beta-glucan Bacillus subtilis 8990303
Identification and characterization of a new beta-glucoside utilization system in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1997 Jan;179(2):496-506. doi: 10.1128/jb.179.2.496-506.1997.
1997 Jan degradation 6 1 GH4
PUL0049 fosmid library screen beta-glucan feces metagenome 29601586
Two new gene clusters involved in the degradation of plant cell wall from the fecal microbiota of Tunisian dromedary. PLoS One. 2018 Mar 30;13(3):e0194621. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194621. eCollection 2018.
2018 degradation 29 5 CE20, GH16_3, GH26, GH43_17
PUL0078 enzyme activity assay xylan Caldicellulosiruptor sp. Rt8B.4 8920183
Cloning, sequencing and overexpression in Escherichia coli of a xylanase gene, xynA from the thermophilic bacterium Rt8B.4 genus Caldicellulosiruptor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1996 Mar;45(1-2):86-93. doi: 10.1007/s002530050653.
1996 Mar degradation 6 1 CBM22, CBM22, GH10
PUL0085 label-free quantitative proteomics, functional enrichment analysis, enzyme activity assay beta-glucan Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens 31338125
Secretomic analyses of Ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens reveal its enzymatic basis for lignocellulose degradation. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Jul 15;12:183. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1522-8. eCollection 2019.
2019 degradation 3 3 CBM35, GH26, GH9
PUL0118 qRT-PCR, affinity gel electrophoresis, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) beta-glucan Bacteroides uniformis 32265336
Synergy between Cell Surface Glycosidases and Glycan-Binding Proteins Dictates the Utilization of Specific Beta(1,3)-Glucans by Human Gut Bacteroides. mBio. 2020 Apr 7;11(2):e00095-20. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00095-20.
2020 Apr 7 degradation 7 3 GH158, GH16_3, GH3
PUL0132 enzyme activity assay, microarray beta-glucan Zobellia galactanivorans 30341165, 28983288
The laterally acquired GH5 ZgEngA(GH5_4) from the marine bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans is dedicated to hemicellulose hydrolysis. Gene Expression Analysis of Zobellia galactanivorans during the Degradation of Algal Polysaccharides Reveals both Substrate-Specific and Shared Transcriptome-Wide Responses. Biochem J. 2018 Nov 28;475(22):3609-3628. doi: 10.1042/BCJ20180486. Front Microbiol. 2017 Sep 21;8:1808. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01808. eCollection 2017.
2018 Nov 28,2017 degradation 8 2 CBM4, GH5_4
PUL0140 sequence homology analysis xylan Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis 30306201
Staying alive: growth and survival of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Dec;102(24):10645-10663. doi: 10.1007/s00253-018-9413-7. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
2018 Dec degradation 11 4 CE20, CE20, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_11, CBM91, GH43_12
PUL0187 qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay beta-glucan Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 26746717
A 1,3-1,4-beta-Glucan Utilization Regulon in Paenibacillus sp. Strain JDR-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2016 Jan 8;82(6):1789-1798. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03526-15.
2016 Jan 8 degradation 7 2 GH16_21, SLH, CBM54, GH16_3, CBM4, CBM4, CBM6, CBM4, CBM4
PUL0220 mass spectrometry, target decoy database analysis beta-glucan Polaribacter sp. Hel1_33_49 25478683
Niches of two polysaccharide-degrading Polaribacter isolates from the North Sea during a spring diatom bloom. ISME J. 2015 Jun;9(6):1410-22. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2014.225. Epub 2014 Dec 5.
2015 Jun degradation 11 5 GH149, GH16_3, GH17, GH3, GH30_1
PUL0227 enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay xylan Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus 22918832
Biochemical and structural insights into xylan utilization by the thermophilic bacterium Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus. J Biol Chem. 2012 Oct 12;287(42):34946-34960. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.391532. Epub 2012 Aug 22.
2012 Oct 12 degradation 10 3 CE4, GH3, GH67
PUL0229 RT-PCR xylan Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 17921311
Structure, function, and regulation of the aldouronate utilization gene cluster from Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2. J Bacteriol. 2007 Dec;189(24):8863-70. doi: 10.1128/JB.01141-07. Epub 2007 Oct 5.
2007 Dec degradation 8 3 GH10, GH43_12, CBM91, GH67
PUL0234 proteome fractionation, mass spectrometry, target decoy database analysis beta-glucan Gramella forsetii 24522261
Functional characterization of polysaccharide utilization loci in the marine Bacteroidetes 'Gramella forsetii' KT0803. ISME J. 2014 Jul;8(7):1492-502. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2014.4. Epub 2014 Feb 13.
2014 Jul degradation 7 3 GH16_3, GH3
PUL0262 RNA-seq xylan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 12 6 CE1, CE6, GH95, GH10, GH5_21, GH8
PUL0263 RNA-seq xylan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882, 30674645
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. Wood-Derived Dietary Fibers Promote Beneficial Human Gut Microbiota. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20. mSphere. 2019 Jan 23;4(1):e00554-18. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00554-18.
2013,2019 Jan 23 degradation 5 1 GH10
PUL0274 RT-qPCR xylan Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis 23663691
Transcriptional analysis of oligosaccharide utilization by Bifidobacterium lactis Bl-04. BMC Genomics. 2013 May 10;14:312. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-312.
2013 May 10 degradation 12 4 CE20, CE20, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_11, CBM91, GH43_12
PUL0289 enzyme activity assay xylan Flavobacterium johnsoniae 29588659
A novel acetyl xylan esterase enabling complete deacetylation of substituted xylans. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2018 Mar 22;11:74. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1074-3. eCollection 2018.
2018 degradation 12 7 CE6, CE1, GH115, GH146, GH3, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH97
PUL0294 gene trait matching exercise xylan Bifidobacterium longum 29310579
Gene-trait matching across the Bifidobacterium longum pan-genome reveals considerable diversity in carbohydrate catabolism among human infant strains. BMC Genomics. 2018 Jan 8;19(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-4388-9.
2018 Jan 8 degradation 12 3 GH120, GH43_11, CBM91, GH43_12
PUL0314 microarray beta-glucan Zobellia galactanivorans 28983288
Gene Expression Analysis of Zobellia galactanivorans during the Degradation of Algal Polysaccharides Reveals both Substrate-Specific and Shared Transcriptome-Wide Responses. Front Microbiol. 2017 Sep 21;8:1808. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01808. eCollection 2017.
2017 degradation 6 3 GH5_42, GT2, GT4
PUL0325 RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay beta-glucan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 28461332
A Bacteroidetes locus dedicated to fungal 1,6-beta-glucan degradation: Unique substrate conformation drives specificity of the key endo-1,6-beta-glucanase. J Biol Chem. 2017 Jun 23;292(25):10639-10650. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.787606. Epub 2017 May 1.
2017 Jun 23 degradation 6 2 GH3, GH30_3
PUL0326 gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography beta-glucan Bacteroides ovatus 28461332
A Bacteroidetes locus dedicated to fungal 1,6-beta-glucan degradation: Unique substrate conformation drives specificity of the key endo-1,6-beta-glucanase. J Biol Chem. 2017 Jun 23;292(25):10639-10650. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.787606. Epub 2017 May 1.
2017 Jun 23 degradation 13 1 GH73
PUL0328 microarray, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry xylan Gramella flava 28261179
Characterization of Potential Polysaccharide Utilization Systems in the Marine Bacteroidetes Gramella Flava JLT2011 Using a Multi-Omics Approach. Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 14;8:220. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00220. eCollection 2017.
2017 degradation 10 5 GH127, GH2, GH43, GH43_26, GH5_13
PUL0329 microarray, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry xylan Gramella flava 28261179
Characterization of Potential Polysaccharide Utilization Systems in the Marine Bacteroidetes Gramella Flava JLT2011 Using a Multi-Omics Approach. Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 14;8:220. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00220. eCollection 2017.
2017 degradation 25 9 CE15, CE20, CE20, GH10, GH115, GH3, GH43_1, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH67
PUL0332 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography beta-glucan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 19 8 CE7, GH127, GH2, GH5_2, GH5_7, GH94, GH97
PUL0333 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography beta-glucan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 22 4 GH30, GH31_3, GH9
PUL0334 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography beta-glucan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 23 7 CE20, CE4, GH30, GH31_3, GH9
PUL0335 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography xylan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 31 5 GH13_46, GH158, GH16_3, GH3, GH97
PUL0336 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography xylan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 25 4 GH158, GH16_3, GH3, GT2
PUL0337 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography xylan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 29 4 GH158, GH16_3, GH3, GT2
PUL0338 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography xylan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 34 5 GH158, GH16_3, GH3, GH97, GT2
PUL0339 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography xylan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 24 4 GH16_3, GH20, GH3, GH97
PUL0340 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography beta-glucan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 37 1 GH5_2
PUL0341 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography beta-glucan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 43 3 GH32, GH5_2, GH91
PUL0342 enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay xylan Prevotella ruminicola 19304844
Biochemical analysis of a beta-D-xylosidase and a bifunctional xylanase-ferulic acid esterase from a xylanolytic gene cluster in Prevotella ruminicola 23. J Bacteriol. 2009 May;191(10):3328-38. doi: 10.1128/JB.01628-08. Epub 2009 Mar 20.
2009 May degradation 5 3 GH10, CE1, GH3, GH95
PUL0343 gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay, Western Blot, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) beta-glucan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 39 1 GH5_2
PUL0345 qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay xylan Bacteroides intestinalis 27681607
Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393, a member of the human colonic microbiome, upregulates multiple endoxylanases during growth on xylan. Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 29;6:34360. doi: 10.1038/srep34360.
2016 Sep 29 degradation 31 13 CE1, CE20, CE20, CE6, GH95, GH10, GH10, GH43_12, CBM91, GH115, GH35, GH43_1, GH5_21, GH67, GH8
PUL0346 gene deletion mutant and growth assay xylan uncultured bacterium 24066026, 27573446
Functional metagenomics reveals novel pathways of prebiotic breakdown by human gut bacteria. Functional characterization of a gene locus from an uncultured gut Bacteroides conferring xylo-oligosaccharides utilization to Escherichia coli. PLoS One. 2013 Sep 16;8(9):e72766. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072766. eCollection 2013. Mol Microbiol. 2016 Nov;102(4):579-592. doi: 10.1111/mmi.13480. Epub 2016 Sep 14.
2013,2016 Nov degradation 13 5 GH10, GH16_3, GH43_1, GH43_12, CBM91, GH43_29
PUL0364 enzyme activity assay xylan Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 17311090
Plant carbohydrate scavenging through tonB-dependent receptors: a feature shared by phytopathogenic and aquatic bacteria. PLoS One. 2007 Feb 21;2(2):e224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000224.
2007 Feb 21 degradation 8 4 GH10, GH2, GH43_1
PUL0390 enzyme activity assay xylan Thermotoga maritima 21255309
Hyperthermostable acetyl xylan esterase. Microb Biotechnol. 2010 Jan;3(1):84-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2009.00150.x. Epub 2009 Sep 18.
2010 Jan degradation 24 6 CBM22, CBM22, CBM22, GH10, CBM9, CBM9, CE7, GH10, GH3, GH67
PUL0392 RT-PCR, qPCR xylan Bacteroides xylanisolvens 27142817
Xylan degradation by the human gut Bacteroides xylanisolvens XB1A(T) involves two distinct gene clusters that are linked at the transcriptional level. BMC Genomics. 2016 May 4;17:326. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2680-8.
2016 May 4 degradation 8 3 CE20, CE20, GH13_14, GH67
PUL0401 RNA-seq beta-glucan Alteromonas macleodii 30116038
Biphasic cellular adaptations and ecological implications of Alteromonas macleodii degrading a mixture of algal polysaccharides. ISME J. 2019 Jan;13(1):92-103. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0252-4. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
2019 Jan degradation 9 3 GH1, GH16_3, GH3
PUL0402 Northern Blot, enzyme activity assay xylan Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IO-1 11282589
Genetic evidence for a defective xylan degradation pathway in Lactococcus lactis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Apr;67(4):1445-52. doi: 10.1128/AEM.67.4.1445-1452.2001.
2001 Apr degradation 6 1 GH43_11, CBM91
PUL0403 RNA-seq beta-glucan Alteromonas macleodii 30116038
Biphasic cellular adaptations and ecological implications of Alteromonas macleodii degrading a mixture of algal polysaccharides. ISME J. 2019 Jan;13(1):92-103. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0252-4. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
2019 Jan degradation 4 1 GH1
PUL0406 high-performance anion-exchange chromatography beta-glucan Coprothermobacter proteolyticus 30315317
From proteins to polysaccharides: lifestyle and genetic evolution of Coprothermobacter proteolyticus. ISME J. 2019 Mar;13(3):603-617. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0290-y. Epub 2018 Oct 12.
2019 Mar degradation 21 3 GH16_3, GH18, GH3
PUL0411 enzyme activity assay xylan Prevotella bryantii 7487028
A xylan hydrolase gene cluster in Prevotella ruminicola B(1)4: sequence relationships, synergistic interactions, and oxygen sensitivity of a novel enzyme with exoxylanase and beta-(1,4)-xylosidase activities. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995 Aug;61(8):2958-64. doi: 10.1128/aem.61.8.2958-2964.1995.
1995 Aug degradation 2 2 GH10, GH43_1
PUL0414 enzyme activity assay, thin-layer chromatography xylan uncultured bacterium 35A20 30116044
Functional metagenomics reveals abundant polysaccharide-degrading gene clusters and cellobiose utilization pathways within gut microbiota of a wood-feeding higher termite. ISME J. 2019 Jan;13(1):104-117. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0255-1. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
2019 Jan degradation 25 4 GH1, GH10
PUL0415 microarray xylan Bacteroides ovatus 22205877
Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
2011 Dec degradation 4 2 GH20, GH20, CBM32
PUL0435 mass spectrometry, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography beta-glucan Chitinophaga pinensis 28069559
Proteomic insights into mannan degradation and protein secretion by the forest floor bacterium Chitinophaga pinensis. J Proteomics. 2017 Mar 6;156:63-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.01.003. Epub 2017 Jan 6.
2017 Mar 6 degradation 13 4 GH16_3, GH30_1, GH30_3, GH43_34
PUL0456 microarray, RNA-seq xylan Prevotella bryantii 20622018
Transcriptomic analyses of xylan degradation by Prevotella bryantii and insights into energy acquisition by xylanolytic bacteroidetes. J Biol Chem. 2010 Sep 24;285(39):30261-73. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.141788. Epub 2010 Jul 9.
2010 Sep 24 degradation 12 4 GH43_10, GH43_1, GH67, GH10
PUL0457 high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, enzyme activity assay, RNA-seq xylan Lactobacillus rossiae 27142164
Cloning, expression and characterization of a beta-D-xylosidase from Lactobacillus rossiae DSM 15814(T). Microb Cell Fact. 2016 May 3;15:72. doi: 10.1186/s12934-016-0473-z.
2016 May 3 degradation 7 1 GH43_11, CBM91
PUL0474 growth assay xylan Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 9 5 GH3, GH30_1, GH30_3
PUL0475 clone and expression, gene deletion mutant and growth assay beta-glucan Streptomyces reticuli 10347054
Characterization of the binding protein-dependent cellobiose and cellotriose transport system of the cellulose degrader Streptomyces reticuli. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Jun;65(6):2636-43. doi: 10.1128/AEM.65.6.2636-2643.1999.
1999 Jun degradation 7 2 CBM2, GH18, GH1
PUL0477 growth assay beta-glucan Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 6 2 GH16_3
PUL0480 growth assay xylan Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 9 4 GH10, GH16, GH3, GH8
PUL0508 clone and expression, enzyme activity assay xylan Streptomyces thermoviolaceus 14761997
Molecular characterization of a high-affinity xylobiose transporter of Streptomyces thermoviolaceus OPC-520 and its transcriptional regulation. J Bacteriol. 2004 Feb;186(4):1029-37. doi: 10.1128/JB.186.4.1029-1037.2004.
2004 Feb degradation 5 1 GH3
PUL0520 clone and expression, enzyme activity assay xylan Klebsiella oxytoca 14532050
Cloning, characterization, and functional expression of the Klebsiella oxytoca xylodextrin utilization operon (xynTB) in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Oct;69(10):5957-67. doi: 10.1128/AEM.69.10.5957-5967.2003.
2003 Oct degradation 2 1 GH43_11, CBM91
PUL0526 microarray, qPCR beta-glucan Bacteroides ovatus 22205877
Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
2011 Dec degradation 6 2 GH3, GH30_3
PUL0528 microarray, qPCR beta-glucan Bacteroides ovatus 22205877
Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
2011 Dec degradation 7 3 GH16_3, GH3
PUL0533 RNA-seq xylan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 9 3 GH10, GH115, GH30_8
PUL0537 RNA-seq beta-glucan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 7 3 GH157, GH3
PUL0542 binding assay xylan Geobacillus stearothermophilus 10368143
The glucuronic acid utilization gene cluster from Bacillus stearothermophilus T-6. J Bacteriol. 1999 Jun;181(12):3695-704. doi: 10.1128/JB.181.12.3695-3704.1999.
1999 Jun degradation 29 7 CE4, GH10, GH39, GH43_11, CBM91, GH52, GH67
PUL0543 RNA-seq beta-glucan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 6 3 GH2, CBM57, GH30_3, PL38, GH88
PUL0551 RNA-seq beta-glucan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 6 2 GH16_3, GH3
PUL0553 RT-PCR, qPCR xylan Bacteroides xylanisolvens 27142817
Xylan degradation by the human gut Bacteroides xylanisolvens XB1A(T) involves two distinct gene clusters that are linked at the transcriptional level. BMC Genomics. 2016 May 4;17:326. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2680-8.
2016 May 4 degradation 22 13 CE6, CE1, GH10, GH115, GH3, GH31_4, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH43_29, CBM6, GH5_21, GH95, GH97
PUL0573 enzyme activity assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, RT-PCR, qRT-PCR beta-glucan Streptomyces griseus 19648249
CebR as a master regulator for cellulose/cellooligosaccharide catabolism affects morphological development in Streptomyces griseus. J Bacteriol. 2009 Oct;191(19):5930-40. doi: 10.1128/JB.00703-09. Epub 2009 Jul 31.
2009 Oct degradation 5 1 GH1
PUL0578 qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay beta-glucan Bifidobacterium breve 21216899
Cellodextrin utilization by bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Mar;77(5):1681-90. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01786-10. Epub 2011 Jan 7.
2011 Mar degradation 5 1 GH1
PUL0592 qRT-PCR xylan Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 25063665
GH51 arabinofuranosidase and its role in the methylglucuronoarabinoxylan utilization system in Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Oct;80(19):6114-25. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01684-14. Epub 2014 Jul 25.
2014 Oct degradation 8 3 GH10, GH43_12, CBM91, GH67
PUL0594 qRT-PCR xylan Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 25063665
GH51 arabinofuranosidase and its role in the methylglucuronoarabinoxylan utilization system in Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Oct;80(19):6114-25. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01684-14. Epub 2014 Jul 25.
2014 Oct degradation 5 1 GH51_1
PUL0598 liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, differential gene expression xylan Clostridium cellulovorans 743B 26020016
Elucidation of the recognition mechanisms for hemicellulose and pectin in Clostridium cellulovorans using intracellular quantitative proteome analysis. AMB Express. 2015 May 23;5:29. doi: 10.1186/s13568-015-0115-6. eCollection 2015.
2015 degradation 4 1 GH95
PUL0599 liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, differential gene expression xylan Clostridium cellulovorans 26020016
Elucidation of the recognition mechanisms for hemicellulose and pectin in Clostridium cellulovorans using intracellular quantitative proteome analysis. AMB Express. 2015 May 23;5:29. doi: 10.1186/s13568-015-0115-6. eCollection 2015.
2015 degradation 7 1 GH43_11, CBM91
PUL0602 sequence homology analysis xylan Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius 26442136
Complete genome sequence of Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93, a novel biomass degrader isolated from obsidian hot spring in Yellowstone National Park. Stand Genomic Sci. 2015 Oct 5;10:73. doi: 10.1186/s40793-015-0031-z. eCollection 2015.
2015 degradation 26 6 CE4, GH10, GH39, GH52, GH67
PUL0610 enzyme activity assay, strcutural analysis xylan Rhodothermus marinus 31992772
Characterization and diversity of the complete set of GH family 3 enzymes from Rhodothermus marinus DSM 4253. Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 28;10(1):1329. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58015-5.
2020 Jan 28 degradation 15 6 CBM4, CBM4, GH10, GH10, GH3, GH43_15, CBM91, CBM6, GH67
PUL0617 RNA-seq xylan Prevotella sp. PINT 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 14 6 GH10, GH43_1, GH43_35, GH5_21, GH67
PUL0619 RNA-seq xylan Prevotella sp. PROD 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 5 1 GH35
PUL0620 RNA-seq xylan Prevotella sp. PROD 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 10 2 GH128, GH51_2, GH43_19
PUL0622 RNA-seq xylan Prevotella sp. PROD 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 15 6 CE2, GH2, GH3, GH43_7, GH43_7, PL11_1
PUL0624 RNA-seq xylan Prevotella sp. PMUR 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 11 3 GH128, GH43_24, GH51_2, GH43_19
PUL0625 RNA-seq xylan Prevotella sp. PMUR 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 18 10 CE1, CE1, CE1, GH115, GH30_8, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH43_29, CBM6, GH95, GH97
PUL0630 enzyme activity assay, affinity gel electrophoresis xylan termite gut metagenome 33187992
Multimodularity of a GH10 Xylanase Found in the Termite Gut Metagenome. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021 Jan 15;87(3):e01714-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01714-20. Print 2021 Jan 15.
2021 Jan 15 degradation 9 5 CE20, CE20, GH11, GH10, GH115, GH43_1
PUL0646 recombinant protein expression, crystallization, affinity gel electrophoresis, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) beta-glucan Bacteroides fluxus YIT 12057 33587952
Distinct protein architectures mediate species-specific beta-glucan binding and metabolism in the human gut microbiota. J Biol Chem. 2021 Jan-Jun;296:100415. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100415. Epub 2021 Feb 13.
2021 Jan-Jun degradation 6 2 GH158, GH3
PUL0648 high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, substrate binding assay, thin-layer chromatography, NMR, mass spectrometry, crystallization xylan Dysgonomonas mossii DSM 22836 33667545
A polysaccharide utilization locus from the gut bacterium Dysgonomonas mossii encodes functionally distinct carbohydrate esterases. J Biol Chem. 2021 Jan-Jun;296:100500. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100500. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
2021 Jan-Jun degradation 37 21 CE1, CE1, CE1, CE20, CE20, CE6, GH10, GH115, GH146, GH31_4, GH43_1, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH43_29, GH43_29, CBM6, GH51_2, GH67, GH8, GH97
PUL0669 clone, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, enzymatic product analysis xylan Bacteroides eggerthii 1_2_48FAA 34480044
Characterization of a novel multidomain CE15-GH8 enzyme encoded by a polysaccharide utilization locus in the human gut bacterium Bacteroides eggerthii. Sci Rep. 2021 Sep 3;11(1):17662. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96659-z.
2021 Sep 3 degradation 26 15 CE1, CE15, GH8, CE20, CE20, CE6, GH10, GH115, GH31_4, GH35, GH43_1, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH5_21, GH67, GH95, GH97
PUL0674 microarray, enzyme activity assay, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, mass spectrometry, RNA-seq, affinity gel electrophoresis, carbohydrate binding assay, microscale thermophoresis beta-glucan Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 8483 34817219, 29020628, 22205877, 32801182, 31062073
Mapping Molecular Recognition of beta1,3-1,4-Glucans by a Surface Glycan-Binding Protein from the Human Gut Symbiont Bacteroides ovatus. Molecular Mechanism by which Prominent Human Gut Bacteroidetes Utilize Mixed-Linkage Beta-Glucans, Major Health-Promoting Cereal Polysaccharides. Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. Sharing a beta-Glucan Meal: Transcriptomic Eavesdropping on a Bacteroides ovatus-Subdoligranulum variabile-Hungatella hathewayi Consortium. Surface glycan-binding proteins are essential for cereal beta-glucan utilization by the human gut symbiont Bacteroides ovatus. Microbiol Spectr. 2021 Dec 22;9(3):e0182621. doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.01826-21. Epub 2021 Nov 24. Cell Rep. 2017 Oct 10;21(2):417-430. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.049. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2020 Oct 1;86(20):e01651-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01651-20. Print 2020 Oct 1. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2019 Nov;76(21):4319-4340. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03115-3. Epub 2019 May 6.
2021 Dec 22,2017 Oct 10,2011 Dec,2020 Oct 1,2019 Nov degradation 8 3 GH16_3, GH3
PUL0682 enzyme activity assay, affinity gel electrophoresis xylan Bacteroidaceae bacterium 35110564
Gut microbiome of the largest living rodent harbors unprecedented enzymatic systems to degrade plant polysaccharides. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 2;13(1):629. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28310-y.
2022 Feb 2 degradation 3 3 CBM89, GH10, GH43_12, CBM91, GH97
PUL0684 proteomic analysis beta-glucan Levilactobacillus brevis TMW 1.2112 35328813
Proteomic Analysis Reveals Enzymes for beta-D-Glucan Formation and Degradation in Levilactobacillus brevis TMW 1.2112. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 21;23(6):3393. doi: 10.3390/ijms23063393.
2022 Mar 21 degradation 2 0 NA
PUL0694 recombinant protein expression, SDS-PAGE, HPLC xylan Caldicellulosiruptor bescii DSM 6725 36218355, 34060910
Biochemical and Regulatory Analyses of Xylanolytic Regulons in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii Reveal Genus-Wide Features of Hemicellulose Utilization. Transcriptional Regulation of Plant Biomass Degradation and Carbohydrate Utilization Genes in the Extreme Thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Nov 8;88(21):e0130222. doi: 10.1128/aem.01302-22. Epub 2022 Oct 11. mSystems. 2021 Jun 29;6(3):e0134520. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.01345-20. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
2022 Nov 8,2021 Jun 29 degradation 14 6 CBM22, CBM22, GH10, CE1, GH10, GH39, GH43_10, CBM22, CBM91, GH43_16, CBM6
PUL0695 recombinant protein expression, SDS-PAGE, HPLC xylan Caldicellulosiruptor bescii DSM 6725 36218355, 34060910
Biochemical and Regulatory Analyses of Xylanolytic Regulons in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii Reveal Genus-Wide Features of Hemicellulose Utilization. Transcriptional Regulation of Plant Biomass Degradation and Carbohydrate Utilization Genes in the Extreme Thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Nov 8;88(21):e0130222. doi: 10.1128/aem.01302-22. Epub 2022 Oct 11. mSystems. 2021 Jun 29;6(3):e0134520. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.01345-20. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
2022 Nov 8,2021 Jun 29 degradation 5 1 CBM22, CBM22, GH10
PUL0696 recombinant protein expression, SDS-PAGE, HPLC xylan Caldicellulosiruptor bescii DSM 6725 36218355, 34060910
Biochemical and Regulatory Analyses of Xylanolytic Regulons in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii Reveal Genus-Wide Features of Hemicellulose Utilization. Transcriptional Regulation of Plant Biomass Degradation and Carbohydrate Utilization Genes in the Extreme Thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Nov 8;88(21):e0130222. doi: 10.1128/aem.01302-22. Epub 2022 Oct 11. mSystems. 2021 Jun 29;6(3):e0134520. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.01345-20. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
2022 Nov 8,2021 Jun 29 degradation 11 2 GH2, GH67
PUL0697 recombinant protein expression, SDS-PAGE, HPLC xylan Caldicellulosiruptor bescii DSM 6725 36218355, 34060910
Biochemical and Regulatory Analyses of Xylanolytic Regulons in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii Reveal Genus-Wide Features of Hemicellulose Utilization. Transcriptional Regulation of Plant Biomass Degradation and Carbohydrate Utilization Genes in the Extreme Thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022 Nov 8;88(21):e0130222. doi: 10.1128/aem.01302-22. Epub 2022 Oct 11. mSystems. 2021 Jun 29;6(3):e0134520. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.01345-20. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
2022 Nov 8,2021 Jun 29 degradation 3 3 CE20, CE20, CE4, GH10
PUL0704 fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE), dinitrosalicylic acid-assay (DNS-assay), HPLC, clone and expression xylan Flavimarina sp. Hel_I_48 37121608
Marine Bacteroidetes enzymatically digest xylans from terrestrial plants. Environ Microbiol. 2023 Sep;25(9):1713-1727. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.16390. Epub 2023 Apr 30.
2023 Sep degradation 18 7 CE15, CBM9, CE20, CE20, GH10, GH115, GH115, GH43_1, GH67
PUL0705 fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE), dinitrosalicylic acid-assay (DNS-assay), HPLC, clone and expression xylan Flavimarina sp. Hel_I_48 37121608
Marine Bacteroidetes enzymatically digest xylans from terrestrial plants. Environ Microbiol. 2023 Sep;25(9):1713-1727. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.16390. Epub 2023 Apr 30.
2023 Sep degradation 14 8 CE6, CE1, CE1, GH10, GH43_10, CBM91, GH43_12, CBM91, GH8, GH95, GH97
PUL0722 RNA-seq, mass spectrometry, SDS-PAGE, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, enzyme kinetic analysis, thin-layer chromatography xylan Polaribacter sp. Q13 38169280
The catabolic specialization of the marine bacterium Polaribacter sp. Q13 to red algal beta1,3/1,4-mixed-linkage xylan. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2024 Jan 24;90(1):e0170423. doi: 10.1128/aem.01704-23. Epub 2024 Jan 3.
2024 Jan 24 degradation 30 9 CBM4, CBM4, GH10, GH26, GH3, GH43_1, GH43_12, CBM91
PUL0743 gene mutant, SDS-PAGE, Western Blot, recombinant protein expression, thermal shift assay (TSA), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), HPAEC-PAD, RT-qPCR, fluorescence measurements xylan Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum H10 36403068, 38789996
Selfish uptake versus extracellular arabinoxylan degradation in the primary degrader Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum, a new string to its bow. Intracellular removal of acetyl, feruloyl and p-coumaroyl decorations on arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides imported from lignocellulosic biomass degradation by Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod. 2022 Nov 19;15(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s13068-022-02225-8. Microb Cell Fact. 2024 May 24;23(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s12934-024-02423-z.
2022 Nov 19,2024 May 24 degradation 13 6 CE1, CE20, CE20, GH39, GH43_10, CBM91, GH51_1, GH8
PUL0749 affinity gel electrophoresis beta-glucan uncultured bacterium 39012103
Biochemical characterization of a SusD-like protein involved in beta-1,3-glucan utilization by an uncultured cow rumen Bacteroides. mSphere. 2024 Aug 28;9(8):e0027824. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00278-24. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
2024 Aug 28 degradation 5 2 GH16_3, GH3
PUL0750 RNA-seq, BCA assay, pNP glycoside assay, HPAEC-PAD, qRT-PCR, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, thin-layer chromatography beta-glucan Segatella copri DSM 18205 39122003, 39636128
The molecular basis of cereal mixed-linkage beta-glucan utilization by the human gut bacterium Segatella copri. Transcriptional delineation of polysaccharide utilization loci in the human gut commensal Segatella copri DSM18205 and co-culture with exemplar Bacteroides species on dietary plant glycans. J Biol Chem. 2024 Sep;300(9):107625. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107625. Epub 2024 Aug 8. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2025 Jan 31;91(1):e0175924. doi: 10.1128/aem.01759-24. Epub 2024 Dec 5.
2024 Sep,2025 Jan 31 degradation 11 3 GH3, GH5_4, GH94
PUL0792 enzyme activity assay, recombinant protein expression, RNA-seq xylan Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum strain YIT11952 37938239
Xylan utilisation promotes adaptation of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum to the human gastrointestinal tract. ISME Commun. 2021 Oct 28;1(1):62. doi: 10.1038/s43705-021-00066-4.
2021 Oct 28 degradation 15 5 CE20, GH10, CBM9, GH120, GH43_11, CBM91, GH8